Lesson 3

Question 1

– A SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF LIFE

Answer 1

BIOLOGY

Question 2

– study of life specific to animals

Answer 2

Zoology

Question 3

the result of ancient events whereby lifeless matter (atoms & molecules) become organized into living cells

Answer 3

life

Question 4

The origin of life that arose

Answer 4

3.5 billion years ago

Question 5

IS THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE

Answer 5

CELL

Question 6

– AN ESSENTIAL MATERIAL FOR LIFE

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

is the smallest unit with the capacity for life.

Answer 7

DNA

Question 8

holds instructions to organize proteins from amino acids to exhibit life

Answer 8

DNA

Question 9

Traits are carried by

Answer 9

genes

Question 10

are inherited from parents

Answer 10

Traits

Question 11

– MECHANISM OF ACTUAL TRANSMISSION OF DNA

Answer 11

REPRODUCTION

Question 12

Hereditary information from two different organisms of the same species are combined

Answer 12

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Question 13

Egg and sperm form à (fertilized egg)

Answer 13

zygote

Question 14

____ contains hereditary information from both parents

Answer 14

Zygote

Question 15

Hereditary information from one, usually unicellular, organism that divides

Answer 15

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Question 16

Resulting cells contain identical hereditary information

Answer 16

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Question 17

Genetic information from single parent

Answer 17

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Question 18

Growth is manifested by:

Answer 18

a. increase in number of cells (cell division)
b. cell enlargement

Question 19

When a cell grows to a size where its surface area isn’t big enough for its volume, the cell divides

Answer 19

growth

Question 20

Refers to the process of transforming a new individual into a multi-celled adult organism

Answer 20

DEVELOPMENT

Question 21

Involves repeated cell divisions and cell differentiation

Answer 21

Development

Question 22

May involve metamorphosis

Answer 22

DEVELOPMENT

Question 23

Obtain & convert energy to useful form (= ATP molecules)

Answer 23

METABOLISM

Question 24

Use energy to maintain life

Answer 24

METABOLISM

Question 25

TYPES OF METABOLISM

Answer 25

anabolism catabolism

Question 26

– store energy by making complex molecules

Answer 26

Anabolism

Question 27

– breakdown complex molecules to release & convert energy to useful form.

Answer 27

Catabolism

Question 28

ALL energy comes from the _____ (directly or indirectly)

Answer 28

SUN

Question 29

is the process by which some organisms capture the energy from the sun (solar) and transform it into energy (chemical) that can be used by living things

Answer 29

Photosynthesis

Question 30

PHOTOSYNTESIS EQUATION

Answer 30

6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 31

Organisms that make their own food are called

Answer 31

autotrophs

Question 32

– use solar energy (photosynthesis) to get energy

Answer 32

Phototrophs

Question 33

– use different chemical processes to get energy

Answer 33

Chemotrophs

Question 34

Organisms that must take in food to meet their energy needs are called

Answer 34

Heterotrophs

Question 35

______ (sensory organs) allow organisms to detect stimuli from environment

Answer 35

Receptors

Question 36

– a specific form of energy detected by receptors

Answer 36

stimuli

Question 37

Organisms maintain very stable internal conditions -

Answer 37

HOMEOSTASIS

Question 38

Sweating when hot to cool the body’s temperature

Answer 38

HOMEOSTASIS

Question 39

Compensatory controlled responses to energy changes in the environment

Answer 39

FEEDBACK MECHANISMS

Question 40

Populations of organisms ----____ (evolve) over generations (time)

Answer 40

change

Question 41

Explains the presence of different kinds of organisms or ______

Answer 41

SPECIES

Question 42

Explains how modern organisms are related to past organisms

Answer 42

EVOLUTION

Question 43

__________ is the driving force in evolution

Answer 43

Natural selection

Question 44

Organisms that have certain ________ are better able to __________ than organisms that lack these traits

Answer 44

favorable traits successfully reproduce

Question 45

With enormous animal diversity, a system of hierarchical classification was introduced by ___________

Answer 45

Carolus Linnaeaus

Question 46

A recent addition to levels of taxonomic hierarchy is domain that divides all living organisms into three: ______, _____, and _______.

Answer 46

Bacteria Archaea Eukaryota