Lesson 5 - Muscles Flashcards
Muscul/o
Muscle
My/o
Muscle
In/o
Fibre
Fasci/o
Fascia
Ten/o, tendin/o
Tendon
Ton/o
Tone (muscle)
Kine, kinesi/o, kinet/o
Movement
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Disease caused by motor neuron degeneration resulting in muscular weakness and atrophy
Asthenia
Weakness
Ataxia
Lack of muscle coordination
Atrophy
Wasting away; decrease in size of a tissue or organ such as wasting of muscle from disuse
Avulsion
Forcible tearing away of a part
Chronic fatigue syndrome (FS)
The disease of unknown cause that involves persistent fatigue plus muscle and joint pain and other symptoms; may be virally induced
Contacture
Permanent contraction of a muscle
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS)
Disorder associated with widespread muscular aches and stiffness and having no known cause
Muscular dystophy
Group of hereditary muscular disorders marked by progressive weakness and muscle atrophy
Myasthenia gravis
An autoimmune disease characterized by progressive muscular weakness due to its effect on the neuromuscular junctions.
Polymyositis
Inflammation of skeletal muscle leads to weakness; can lead to dysphagia or cardiac problems; often associated with other diseases such as RA or lupus
Repetitive strain injury (RSI)
Tissue damage damage caused by repeated motion in occupational activities ex carpal tunnel
Restless leg syndrome (RLS)
Uneasiness, twitching or restlessness in the legs after going to bed and often leading to insomnia; may be due to poor circulation or drug side effects
Rheumatism
General term for inflammation, soreness and stiffness of muscles associated with joint pain
Spasm
sudden, involuntary muscle contraction; may be clonic
(contraction alternating with relaxation) or tonic
(sustained); a cramp is a strong and painful spasm
Spasticity
increased tone or contraction of muscles causing stiff and awkward movements
Sprain
injury to a ligament by abnormal or excessive force at a joint but w/o bone dislocation or fracture
Strain
muscle trauma due to overuse or excessive stretch; if severe may involve muscle tearing, bleeding, or separation from its tendon or tendon from bone
Stress injury
common ones: rotator cuff(RTC); epicondilytis(medialgolfer’s elbow, lateral-tennis elbow); carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS); trigger finger; “pulled” hamstring; shin-splints; Achilles tendinitis
Tendinitis
inflammation of a tendon, usually caused by injury or overuse
Tetanus
acute, infectious disease with painful, persistent spasms of voluntary muscles; lockjaw
Tetany
condition of spasms, cramps & muscle twitching due to metabolic imbalance; eg. low blood calcium
Torticollis
spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles causing stiffness and twisting of the neck; wryneck
