Lesson 5: Groundwater flow to wells

Question 1

are used for the extraction of groundwater

Answer 1

water wells

Question 2

groundwater is extracted to fill what 4 types of needs?

Answer 2

domestic, municipal, industrial and irrigation

Question 3

what is done as means of groundwater management when wells are sometimes used to artificially recharge aquifers at rates greater than natural recharge.

Answer 3

inject fluids into the ground through water wells

Question 4

During well pumpage, ________ of the head in the aquifer around the well occurs.

Answer 4

drawdown

Question 5

During injection, there is a/an ________ in the head of the aquifer

Answer 5

increase

Question 6

it is the change in hydraulic head observed at a well in an aquifer, typically due to pumping

Answer 6

drawdown

Question 7

is the PH surface or groundwater dependent?

Answer 7

surface water dependent

Question 8

drawdown typically happens from pumping because of?

Answer 8

aquifer test or well test

Question 9

forms in the aquifer around a pumping well as the water level declines.

Answer 9

pumping cone/cone of depression

Question 10

In ________ flow, the head is constant with time

Answer 10

steady state

Question 11

in radial flow regime, what direction is the flow?

Answer 11

horizontal radial direction

Question 12

This type of flow exists in the time period before the pressure transient has reached the boundaries of the reservoir (infinite-acting time period).

Answer 12

radial flow

Question 13

this flow often observed following other flow regimes

Answer 13

radial flow

Question 14

how many gallons in a cubic feet?

Answer 14

7.48 gals/cubic feet

Question 15

another name for aquifer test

Answer 15

pumping test

Question 16

how is an aquifer test done?

Answer 16

is conducted to evaluate an aquifer by:
- “stimulating” the aquifer through constant pumping, and
- observing the aquifer’s “response” (drawdown) in observation wells.

24-48h pump @ constant rate
if constant: sustainable
if volume changes: not sustainable

Question 17

Aquifer testing is a common tool that hydrogeologists use to what?

Answer 17

characterize a system of:
- aquifers
- aquitards and
- flow system boundaries

Question 18

why are pumping tests important?

Answer 18

to know if the groundwater of the particular area is sustainable

Question 19

is a particular type of aquifer test where water is quickly added or removed from a groundwater well

Answer 19

slug test / bail-down test

Question 20

how does a slug test happen?

Answer 20

• water is quickly added or removed from a groundwater well,
• the change in hydraulic head is monitored through time
• this is done in order to determine the near-well aquifer characteristics

Question 21

hydrogeologic boundaries are considered to be either what?

Answer 21

recharge or barrier boundaries

Question 22

is a region in which the aquifer is replenished

Answer 22

recharge boundary

Question 23

edge of the aquifer where it terminates

Answer 23

barrier boundary

Question 24

how does the edge of an aquifer terminate?

Answer 24

• thinning or abutting a low-permeability formation, or
• has been eroded away