Lesson 5: Becoming a member of Society Flashcards
He said that the human mind at birth
is nothing but a blank slate, or tabula
rasa.
John Locke
is considered the central process of social life,
and is also a process of member recruitment and
replacement.
Socialization
It prepares new members of society and trains them to think,
feel, and act in appropriate ways.
Socialization
It prepares new members of society and trains them to think,
feel, and act in appropriate ways.
Socialization
Socialization is also important in ____________,
and a citizen develops and acquire political
ideas, values, attitudes, beliefs, and
opinions through political socialization, a
process which enables the development of
citizens to function effectively within a
particular political system.
politics
TRUE OR FALSE
As the field of sociology developed over time,
socialization was increasingly viewed in the context of
internalization.
TRUE
refers to the process of
accepting the social norms, attitudes, roles, and values
transmitted by people and social groups within society as
one’s own. Society, for its part, is seen as the primary factor
responsible for how individuals learn how to think and
behave.
Internalization
This the view of ______________, like _____________, who explain that if people failed to play their
expected roles or behaved “strangely”, there is incomplete
or inadequate socialization. This means the members of
society have not yet fully acquired and learned what is
expected of them.
functionalists; Talcott
Parsons
see socialization as an interactive
process between individuals and other
members of society. This view gives
importance to the independence of the
individuals and their capacity to define their
own personal views and ideas. An example
of socialization in the interpretevist view is
the changing definition of the family.
Interpretivist sociologists
The synthesized view identifies three
significant aspects.
SOCIAL CONTEXT
CONTENT
PROCESS
-Refers to the particular
circumstances of a society and consists of its
culture,language,and the social structures that
define social class,ethnicity,and gender.
SOCIAL CONTEXT
refers to the ideas,behavior,beliefs,and
other information that are passed on by members
of society to the individual
CONTENT
refers to the methods of interaction
that enable the content to be given to the person
undergoing socialization.
PROCESS
it refer to the outcomes of
socialization, and are evident when
individuals begin to practice the behaviors,
attitudes, and values that society considers
necessary for them to function effectively as
its members.
Results
A significant result of socialization is __________________, which refers to the establishment
of a unique sense of identity and an
awareness of how it relates to their society
and the world.
self-identity
_______________ consider socialization to be
the process of familiarity by witnessing and
interacting with family, friends, instructors,
and other members of society, people absorb
cultural symbols, norms, values, and
language through enculturation.
Anthropologists
is the process of becoming
socialized into a specific culture.
Enculturation
These groups participants or
agents of socialization and
enculturation and consist of
person, groups, and
institutions
The Family
Peer Groups Religion and State
Schools
Mass Media
It is the primary agent of socialization of
an individual upon birth, throughout
infancy, and up to childhood.
The Family
As the child matures, the _____________
becomes an important venue for social
engagement and political socialization.
family
______________________ are
essential for the early care and
development of the child.
Parents and other family members
an institution
is also defined by the changes
that society undergoes.
The Family
TRUE OR FALSE
The traditional view of the family
is changing.
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE
More children are receiving
primary care from other
individuals apart from their
parents.
TRUE
With the absence of the parents,
other individuals including the
_____________ such as aunts,
uncles, cousins, and other
relatives may take responsibility
of child-caring.
extended family
Children are _____________________________________ and they learn what is and
what is not permissible behavior.
first socialized at home within the
family structure
It continues to be a primary network for the
transmission of values, attitudes, and
behaviors.
The Family
Parents and family members also have a
significant role in planning the __________ of their
children.
future
Types of Families
Nuclear Family
Extended Family
have a critical and active role in socialization,
as their various academic and social activities mold
student’s beliefs, values, and attitudes.
Schools
teach
students important values like competitiveness,
cooperation, conformity, innovation, punctuality,
orderliness, and respect for authority.
Schools
Varied classification of schools
public schools
private schools
technical vocational schools
alternative schools
Schools are
also distinguished as ____________ or ____________
sectarian or nonsectarian
are also venues for political socialization
Schools
also reinforce acceptable
behaviors introduced by the family and
school, allow certain degree of independence
from family and certain figures of authority,
and are also a means for socialization and
involvement in social and political issues.
Peer groups
are formed by
informal, spontaneous, and voluntary means.
Peer groups
Peer groups become active agents of ________________________, targeting not only the youth but also
adults.
political
socialization
encourage
organizations to foster
camaraderie and a sense of
unity and purpose.
Democratic states
use peer
groups to reshape
attitudes and beliefs, and
compel citizens to
subscribe to their views
and agendas.
Authoritarian
governments
utilized
this strategy when its
Communist Party organized
clubs and civic associations to
further the communist cause.
Former Soviet Union
Active agents of political
socialization
-Democratic states
-Authoritarian
governments
-Former Soviet Union
includes forms of
communication such as books,
magazines, newspaper, other print
materials, radio, television, and movies,
it is powerful agent of socialization
which is widely used by many
institutions and organizations involved
in the use of print and electronic
communication.
Mass media
Decades ago, mass media was characterized as a
_________________ of socialization, meaning it
lacks direct, face-to-face interaction between the
sender and receiver.
nonproximate agent
The influence of _______ is lesser
among people who have been exposed to
more agents of socialization and have a
stable set of political awareness and social
views.
media
portrays media as an ideological marketplace that
enhances debate and electoral choice.
Pluralist model
are considered as the ultimate source of
authority, making the church and government important agents in
socialization.
religion and state
exerts a great influence on the views of a person,
legitimizes accepted social practices, provides stability to society, and can
even be sources of social change.
Religion
The _______________ also continues its
engagement with the government through it support or opposition to the
latter’s policies on social and political issues such as graft and corruption,
land reform, social justice, fighting crime, and reproductive health.
Catholic Church
participates in socialization
through laws and other regulations that reinforce appropriate
behavior, and help form values and attitudes of the citizens.
The state
Through laws, the _________ upholds important concepts such as
rights and responsibilities, and regulates the behavior of its
citizens through the use of rewards or sanctions.
state
___________ are defined and influenced by the
values and attitudes of citizens, and citizens can work together
to enforce laws and other regulations in society.
Laws
can also be significant
socializing forces for an entire generation.
Major social and political events
cause transformations in the values,attitudes,and views that
define societies ,leading to further changes in the behavior
and traditions of societies.
The changes and
developments brought about by historical events
have been greatly affected by major
historical events such as the Great depression,th Holocaust
in Europe,the two World wars,the civil rights movement in
the United states,and the Vietnam war.
Western societies
TRUE OR FALSE
Generations of Filipino have been affected by various
historical events like the Second World War,the Martial
law period,and the First people power in 1986.The views
and attitudes of filipinos will have lived through these
events were greatly defined by the changes these events
introduced.
TRUE
It refers to the process of altering one’s thoughts
and actions to adapt to the accepted behavior
within his or her group or society.
Conformity
Social psychology considers conformity as a
product of ___________________ on the
individual.
pressure exerted by the group
_____________ identifies three types of
conformity
Herbert Kelman
Three types of
conformity
-compliance
-identification, and
-internalization or acceptance
It refers to the outward conformity to social pressure but privately
disagreeing with it.
COMPLIANCE
-This action is often motivated by the desire to gain rewards or
avoid punishment.
-This is the ** least enduring type of conformity**, since the motivation
provided by rewards and punishments may not always be present,
or the authority figure may be unable to exert his or her influence
fully on the group or society at all times
COMPLIANCE
It refers to the individual adopting a certain behavior
because it enables him or her to have a satisfying
relationship with the members of his or her group.
IDENTIFICATION
The individuals also adopt the opinions and values of the
group, and may strive to emulate an authority figureusually a parent or leader that he or she respects or
admires.
IDENTIFICATION
It involves both public compliance and internal acceptance of
the norms and standards imposed by the group
INTERNALIZATION OR ACCEPTANCE
-This is the most permanent and deeply rooted response to
social influence.
-It is motivated by the desire to be right, with the authority
figure or person of influence being deemed trustworthy,
credible, and of good judgment.
-Acceptance eventually results to the integration of the group’s
set of beliefs and behavior into the individual’s own framework
INTERNALIZATION OR ACCEPTANCE
is defined as a behavior that elicits a strong negative reaction
from group members and involves actions that violate commonly
held social norms
Deviance
What is defined as ___________, however, varies
depending on the context of the group of society. What may be
considered normal behavior in one culture may be considered
deviant behavior in others.
deviance
This view often leads sociologists to have varied assessments of
deviance and crime.
deviance
Emile Durkheim
uses the term _________ to refer to a condition where social control
becomes ineffective due to the loss of shared values and sense of
purpose in society.
anomie
Another sociologist, ____________________, relates deviance to the strain
felt by individuals whenever social norms conflict with reality. His
structural strain theory argues that the tensions and strains between
socially-approved goals and an individual’s ability to meet them will
lead to deviance.
Robert Merton
considers
deviance as a socially constructed phenomenon influenced largely by
interpersonal relationships between members of society.
The symbolic-interactionist view
TRUE OR FALSE
This labeling reinforces
positive views regarding the group, which further drives them toward deviance.
FALSE
This labeling reinforces
negative views regarding the group, which
This view also believes that deviant behavior
emerges and is reinforced by interacting with people who display deviance.
The symbolic-interactionist view
analyzes deviance in the framework of
interests between social groups and the maintenance of power among the elites.
The conflict perspective
This view considers concepts of deviance as a reflection of society’s inequalities as
those who are less powerful in society or minorities are more likely to be
considered as deviants or criminals.
The conflict perspective
consider deviance as emerging because of inadequate
social controls.
control theories
If society is unable to maintain control and order, it encourages
members to engage in deviant behavior.
control theories
The _______________ theory suggests a
direct relationship between social disorder and deviance, and that maintaining
even an appearance of order is sufficient to discourage deviance.
broken windows
are those provided for by laws and other regulations in society.
Laws formally designate certain deviant behaviors as crimes, and prescribe
sanctions for such acts
Formal sanctions
serve to reinforce
accepted social norms, as well as define deviant behaviors that merit punishment in
society.
The adoption and enforcement of laws
is defined as any systematic means and
practices used to maintain norms, rules, and
laws; regulate conflict; and discourage deviant
behavior.
Social Control
are the most common
means of social control, and are often
employed to address conflicts and violations
of social norms. Sanctions can be formal or
informal.
Sanctions
refers to the idea that a person has the
innate right to be valued, respected, and treated well.
Human dignit
are legal, social, and ethical principles that
consider the human person as deserving of liberties and
protections by virtue of his or her human dignity.
Human rights
are significant concerns
when dealing with socialization and issues of deviance and
social control.
Human dignity and human rights
primarily aims to instill
recognition of and respect for human rights and dignity.
Socialization
Examples of these rights are the right to life and freedom.
Human rights are considered to have the following
characteristics:
●They are universal because they belong to all human
beings regardless of race, religion, gender, and other
characteristics.
● They are fundamental since they cannot be taken away
from any human being.
● They are indivisible as various rights are interrelated and
given equal importance.
● They are absolute since they cannot be qualified and are
considered basic necessities for living a genuine life.
A major legal instrument that upholds the recognition of human rights is
the ____________________________________, which was drafted
by the United Nations Commission on Human Rights in 1948. This
document was one of the major results of the end of the Second World
War.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
Within specific countries, ______________ are
also a recognized political and social concern
and governments address them primarily
through the adoption and enforcement of
laws.
human rights
The _____ Philippine constitution
includes a Bill of Rights where the rights of
Filipino citizens are enumerated.
1987
