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SocSci 1st Quarter > Lesson 2: Culture and Society > Flashcards

Lesson 2: Culture and Society Flashcards

1
Q

is a group of individuals sharing a common culture, geographical location, and government.

A

Society

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2
Q

whereby members of the community live together for mutual benefit;

A

Social solidarity

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2
Q

serve as basis for the patterns of action and behavior of the members of the society

A

Shared identity and culture

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2
Q

society is characterized by the presence of the following elements:

A
  • Social solidarity
  • Shared identity and culture
  • A common language
  • A large population and the ability to sustain succeeding generations of members
  • Definite geographical area
  • Political, economic, and social organization.
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3
Q

Types of Society

A

Hunting and Gathering Societies
Pastoral Societies
Horticultural Societies
Agricultural Societies
Post-industrial Societies

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4
Q

-These are the earliest forms of society.
-The members survive primarily by hunting, trapping, fishing, and gathering edible plants.

A

Hunting and Gathering Societies

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5
Q
  • common in areas where crops cannot be supported and only have to move when the land in which animals gaze is no longer usable.
  • rely on products through the domestication and breeding of animals for transportation and food.
A

Pastoral Societies

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6
Q

comes from the Latin word ‘pastoral’

A

Pastoral Societies

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7
Q

Pastoral means

A

‘Shepherd’

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8
Q
  • These societies rely on the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and plants in order to survive.
  • They are often forced to relocate when the resources of the land are depleted or when the water supplies decrese.
A

Horticultural Societies

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9
Q
  • Focuses on the mode of production
  • They rely on the use of technology in order to cultivate crops in large areas; including wheat, rice, and corn
A

Agricultural Societies

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9
Q
  • Their economy is based on services and technology, not production.
  • The economy is dependent on tangible goods, people must pursue greater education
A

Post-Industrial Societies

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10
Q

refers to “that complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of society.

A

Culture

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11
Q

what does culture represents?

A
  • Beliefs
  • Practices
  • Artifacts
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11
Q

what does society represents?

A
  • Social Structures
  • Organizations
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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Neither society nor culture could exist without the other

A

TRUE

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12
Q

is one of the important bases that define and influence a society.

A

Culture

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13
Q

Categories of Culture:

A
  • Material Culture
  • Nonmaterial Culture
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13
Q

refers to the set of beliefs, attitudes, as well as material objects and possessions accumulated over time and shared by the members of society.

A

Culture

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14
Q

is composed of the physical or tangible objects produced, shared, and utilized within society such as tools or implements, paintings and other works of art, architectural styles, weaponry, and toys.

A

Material Culture

15
Q

consists of the intangible properties and elements of society that influence the patterns of action and behavior of its members. Examples: language, beliefs, values, attitudes, ideas, and norms shared among members of society.

A

Nonmaterial Culture

16
Q

4 Vital Cultural Components of Culture

A

Symbols
Language
Values
Norms

17
Q

refer to things that convey meaning or represent an idea.

A

Symbols

18
Q

is a set of symbols that enables members of society to communicate verbally (spoken) and nonverbally (written, gestures).

A

Language

19
Q

are shared ideas, norms, and principles that provide members of society the standards that pertain to what is right or wrong, good or bad, desirable or undesirable.

A

Values

20
Q

are shared rules of conduct that determine specific behavior among society members.

A

Norms

21
Q

Categories of Norms

A

Folkways
Mores
Laws

22
Q

are norms that may be violated without serious consequences.

A

Folkways

23
Q

are norms with moral connotations.

A

Mores

24
Q

are norms that are legally enacted and enforced.

A

Laws

25
Q

The process of culture and identity formation within society is facilitated through _____________ and ______________

A

socialization and enculturation

26
Q

refers to the lifelong process of forging identity through social interaction.

A

Socialization

27
Q

refers to the process by which an individual gradually learns or acquires the important aspects of his or her society’s culture.

A

Enculturation

28
Q

refers to a particular circumstances of a certain culture and is defined by location, weather, time period, and other factors.

A

Context

29
Q

considers culture as the central focus of its discipline. It studies the different cultures of different societies.

A

Anthropology

30
Q

2 Major Views of Anthropology

A

Relativistic Approach
Ethnocentric Approach

31
Q

considers cultures as equal. This view holds that there are no “superior” and “inferior” cultures, and each is unique in its own way.

A

Relativistic Approach

32
Q

is the belief that one’s native culture is superior to other cultures.

A

Ethnocentric Approach

33
Q

diminishes or invalidates “other” ways of life and creates a distorted view of one’s own. As a result, this could affect individual behavior and relationship with other cultures.

A

Ethnocentrism

34
Q

the tendency to consider that their culture is inferior to others.

A

Xenocentrism

34
Q

recognizes and accepts the cultural differences between societies.

A

Cultural Relativism

35
Q

relates culture with the overall context of social order. There are different sociological perspectives that explain this order.

A

Sociology

36
Q

operates on the assumption that society is a stable and orderly system.

A

Structural functionalism

37
Q

assumes that there is a constant power struggle among the various social groups and institutions within society.

A

Conflict Theory

38
Q

views individual and group behavior and social interactions as defining features of society.

A

Symbolic Interactionism

39
Q

also examines culture as a vital aspect of society.

A

Political Science

40
Q

an ideology that acknowledges and promotes cultural diversity within society.

A

Multiculturalism

41
Q

advances awareness and acceptance of cultural differences but encourages a critical stance in dealing with issues regarding diversity.

A

Cultural Sensitivity

SocSci 1st Quarter (5 decks)

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