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A&P2 > Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Flashcards

Cardiovascular System: Blood vessels

1
Q

Which of the following describes continuous capillaries?

contain a layer of connective tissue to prevent protein leakage

have oval pores to facilitate the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues

have a thick layer of muscle tissue to auto regulate blood flow

are abundant in the skin and skeletal muscles

are commonly found in the glomerulus of kidneys because of their filtering capacity

A

In the skin and skeletal muscles

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2
Q

Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure and continuous blood circulation?

tunica externa

tunica adventitia

tunica interna

tunica media

tunica intima

A

Tunica media

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3
Q

Which of the following describes the tunic intima?

composed of tightly connected simple squamous cells with a slick

surface to prevent friction of moving blood

composed of simple cuboidal cells laying on a basement membrane

composed of stratified squamous ceils that are continuous with the lining

of the heart

composed of a double layer of squamous cells that allow the passage of

important gases and nutrients

composed of loosely woven collagen fibers that provide a strong but flexible structure

A

Composed of tightly connected simple squamous cells with a slick surface to prevent friction of moving blood

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4
Q

What is the composition of the tunica media?

smooth muscle and reticular connective tissue

smooth muscle and elastic fibers

dense connective tissue and aerolar connective tissue

elastic fibers and skeletal muscle fibers

endothelium and elastic fibers

A

smooth muscle and elastic fibers

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5
Q

Which of the following describes how veins of the extremities are different from arteries?

veins have smooth inner lining; arteries do not

veins have muscular walls; arteries do not

veins have valves; arteries do not

veins have a nerve supply; arteries do not

veins have cartilage in their wall; arteries do not

A

veins have valves; arteries do not

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6
Q

Which of the following describes blood vessels?

arterial walls are generally thicker and contain more elastic tissue than

those of veins

venous walls generally are thinner than those of arteries and contain

no tunica externa

venous walls generally are thickest of all blood vessels and have valves

capillary walls are thinnest, contain valves and conduct blood flow in

one direction only

capillary walls have the thickest tunica interna

A

arterial walls are generally thicker and contain more elastic tissue than those of veins

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7
Q

Which of the following is an area in which sinusoidal capillaries are most abundant?

epidermis

lining of the stomach

meninges of the brain

lobes of the liver

lens of the eye

A

Lobes of the liver

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8
Q

Which of the following is a modified capillary that is lined with phagocytes?

continuous capillary

fenestrated capillary

venule

true capillary

sinusoid

A

sinusoid

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9
Q

Which of the following describes the capillary bed when the precapillary sphincters are closed?

the capillary bed is rich with oxygenated blood

oxygenated blood travels directly from the metarteriole to venule

the blood is completely deoxygenated

all true capillaries are filled with oxygenated blood

blood pressure in the capillary bed is exceptionally high

A

oxygenated blood travels directly from the metarteriole to venule

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10
Q

Which of the following describes peripheral resistance in a blood vessel?

It is inversely proportional to the length of the vascular bed

It increases in anemia

It is decreased in obesity

It is inversely related to the diameter of the blood vessel

It is constant and not affected by variables

A

It is inversely related to the diameter of the blood vessel

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11
Q

What is vasoconstriction?

a decrease in blood flow through a vessel due to altered cardiac output

a decrease of resistance within a blood vessel

a decrease in the diameter of a blood vessel

an increase in the width of the tunica externa

an increase in the overall diameter of a blood vessel

A

a decrease in the diameter of a blood vessel

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12
Q

In which one of the following blood vessels is blood pressure the highest?

arterioles

arteries

capillaries

vena cava

veins

A

Arteries

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13
Q

Which of the following describes the main functions of renin and angiotensin II?

When blood pressure falls, they respond by vasoconstriction and an

increase in blood pressure

When blood pressure rises, they response by vasoconstriction and

further increases in blood pressure

When blood pressure rises, they respond by vasoconstriction and a

decrease in blood pressure

When blood pressure rises, they respond by vasodilation and a

decrease in blood pressure

When blood pressure falls, they respond by vasodilation and an

increase in blood pressure

A

When blood pressure falls, they respond by vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure

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14
Q

Which of the following is a factor that would influence blood pressure?

excess protein composition would decrease blood pressure

increase in cardiac output would decrease blood pressure

excess red blood cell production would increase blood pressure

vasodilation of the vessels would increase blood pressure

excess of ADH would decrease blood pressure

Question

A

excess red blood cell production would increase blood pressure

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15
Q

Which of the following is most instrumental in monitoring changes in blood pressure?

baroreceptors

stretch receptors

cerebral conscious control

oxygen level of the blood

proprioreceptors

A

baroreceptors

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16
Q

Which of the following regulates cerebral blood flow?

skin temperature

ADH

intrinsic autoregulatory mechanisms

hypothalamic thermostat

nutrients flowing through the hepatic portal circulation

A

intrinsic autoregulatory mechanisms

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17
Q

Which of the following describes pulmonary veins?

return blood to the right atrium of the heart

transport blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs

transport oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart

split off the pulmonary trunk

transport oxygenated blood to the lungs

A

transport oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart

18
Q

Which of the following lists the path of blood flow within the systemic circulations?

arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins

arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, venules, veins

arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, veins, venules

arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, veins, venules

arterioles, arteries, venules, veins, capillary beds

A

arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins

19
Q

Which of the following describes the pulmonary circulation?

blood passes first through veins, then capillaries and then arteries

arteries carry deoxygenated blood and veins carry oxygenated blood

blood from the pulmonary circulation sustains lung tissue cells

blood is carried between cardiac capillaries and lung capillaries

all of the blood in the pulmonary circulation is oxygenated

A

arteries carry deoxygenated blood and veins carry oxygenated blood

20
Q

What is a portal system?

a portal system carries oxygenated blood to the tissues

a portal system delivers blood in two directions

a portal system is a series of vessels that have merged

a portal system directs blood one way into the tissues but does not

provide a collection of the blood

A portal system carries blood from one capillary bed to another

A

A portal system carries blood from one capillary bed to another

21
Q

The gastric, pancreatic and splenic veins are all part of what circulation?

pulmonary

systemic

fetal until birth and systemic after birth

hepatic portal

coronary

A

Hepatic portal

22
Q

The hepatic portal vein is formed by the union of what two vessels?

the hepatic artery and the splenic vein

the hepatic artery and the pancreatic vein

the splenic vein and the pancreatic vein

the splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein

the hepatic vein and the inferior mesenteric vein

A

the splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein

23
Q

Which of the following vessels are involved in the pulmonary circulation?

left ventricle, aorta and left and right pulmonary veins

left atrium, left ventricle and pulmonary trunk

pulmonary trunk, alveoli, left and right pulmonary veins

right ventricle, pulmonary veins and coronary artery

superior vena cava, pulmonary trunk and left and right pulmonary veins

A

pulmonary trunk, alveoli, left and right pulmonary veins

24
Q

Which of the following describes hypovolemic shock?

It is always fatal

It is a result of a massive release of histamine causing vasodilation

and poor circulation

It is the type of shock in which there has been a large scale loss of blood

It is a condition in which blood vessels are inadequately filled and

blood circulates normally

It is a result of faulty conduction of the cardiac muscles

A

It is the type of shock in which there has been a large scale loss of blood

25
Q

Which of the following is associated with varicose veins?

plaque build up

leaky valves

vasoconstriction

balloon-like out pocketing

inflammation

A

leaky valves

26
Q

What artery is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

radial

27
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

cephalic vein

28
Q

What artery is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

subclavian

29
Q

What artery is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

brachial

30
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

basilic vein

31
Q

What artery is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

common iliac artery

32
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

anterior tibial vein

33
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

femoral artery

34
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

metatarsal artery

35
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

popliteal vein

36
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

brachiocephalic trunk

37
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

superficial temporal artery

38
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

internal jugular vein

39
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

superior vena cava

40
Q

What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?

A

superior mesenteric vein

A&P2 (4 decks)

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