Lesson 5 Flashcards
Cardiovascular System: Blood vessels
Which of the following describes continuous capillaries?
contain a layer of connective tissue to prevent protein leakage
have oval pores to facilitate the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues
have a thick layer of muscle tissue to auto regulate blood flow
are abundant in the skin and skeletal muscles
are commonly found in the glomerulus of kidneys because of their filtering capacity
In the skin and skeletal muscles
Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure and continuous blood circulation?
tunica externa
tunica adventitia
tunica interna
tunica media
tunica intima
Tunica media
Which of the following describes the tunic intima?
composed of tightly connected simple squamous cells with a slick
surface to prevent friction of moving blood
composed of simple cuboidal cells laying on a basement membrane
composed of stratified squamous ceils that are continuous with the lining
of the heart
composed of a double layer of squamous cells that allow the passage of
important gases and nutrients
composed of loosely woven collagen fibers that provide a strong but flexible structure
Composed of tightly connected simple squamous cells with a slick surface to prevent friction of moving blood
What is the composition of the tunica media?
smooth muscle and reticular connective tissue
smooth muscle and elastic fibers
dense connective tissue and aerolar connective tissue
elastic fibers and skeletal muscle fibers
endothelium and elastic fibers
smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Which of the following describes how veins of the extremities are different from arteries?
veins have smooth inner lining; arteries do not
veins have muscular walls; arteries do not
veins have valves; arteries do not
veins have a nerve supply; arteries do not
veins have cartilage in their wall; arteries do not
veins have valves; arteries do not
Which of the following describes blood vessels?
arterial walls are generally thicker and contain more elastic tissue than
those of veins
venous walls generally are thinner than those of arteries and contain
no tunica externa
venous walls generally are thickest of all blood vessels and have valves
capillary walls are thinnest, contain valves and conduct blood flow in
one direction only
capillary walls have the thickest tunica interna
arterial walls are generally thicker and contain more elastic tissue than those of veins
Which of the following is an area in which sinusoidal capillaries are most abundant?
epidermis
lining of the stomach
meninges of the brain
lobes of the liver
lens of the eye
Lobes of the liver
Which of the following is a modified capillary that is lined with phagocytes?
continuous capillary
fenestrated capillary
venule
true capillary
sinusoid
sinusoid
Which of the following describes the capillary bed when the precapillary sphincters are closed?
the capillary bed is rich with oxygenated blood
oxygenated blood travels directly from the metarteriole to venule
the blood is completely deoxygenated
all true capillaries are filled with oxygenated blood
blood pressure in the capillary bed is exceptionally high
oxygenated blood travels directly from the metarteriole to venule
Which of the following describes peripheral resistance in a blood vessel?
It is inversely proportional to the length of the vascular bed
It increases in anemia
It is decreased in obesity
It is inversely related to the diameter of the blood vessel
It is constant and not affected by variables
It is inversely related to the diameter of the blood vessel
What is vasoconstriction?
a decrease in blood flow through a vessel due to altered cardiac output
a decrease of resistance within a blood vessel
a decrease in the diameter of a blood vessel
an increase in the width of the tunica externa
an increase in the overall diameter of a blood vessel
a decrease in the diameter of a blood vessel
In which one of the following blood vessels is blood pressure the highest?
arterioles
arteries
capillaries
vena cava
veins
Arteries
Which of the following describes the main functions of renin and angiotensin II?
When blood pressure falls, they respond by vasoconstriction and an
increase in blood pressure
When blood pressure rises, they response by vasoconstriction and
further increases in blood pressure
When blood pressure rises, they respond by vasoconstriction and a
decrease in blood pressure
When blood pressure rises, they respond by vasodilation and a
decrease in blood pressure
When blood pressure falls, they respond by vasodilation and an
increase in blood pressure
When blood pressure falls, they respond by vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure
Which of the following is a factor that would influence blood pressure?
excess protein composition would decrease blood pressure
increase in cardiac output would decrease blood pressure
excess red blood cell production would increase blood pressure
vasodilation of the vessels would increase blood pressure
excess of ADH would decrease blood pressure
Question
excess red blood cell production would increase blood pressure
Which of the following is most instrumental in monitoring changes in blood pressure?
baroreceptors
stretch receptors
cerebral conscious control
oxygen level of the blood
proprioreceptors
baroreceptors
Which of the following regulates cerebral blood flow?
skin temperature
ADH
intrinsic autoregulatory mechanisms
hypothalamic thermostat
nutrients flowing through the hepatic portal circulation
intrinsic autoregulatory mechanisms
Which of the following describes pulmonary veins?
return blood to the right atrium of the heart
transport blood rich in carbon dioxide to the lungs
transport oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart
split off the pulmonary trunk
transport oxygenated blood to the lungs
transport oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart
Which of the following lists the path of blood flow within the systemic circulations?
arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins
arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, venules, veins
arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, veins, venules
arterioles, arteries, capillary beds, veins, venules
arterioles, arteries, venules, veins, capillary beds
arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins
Which of the following describes the pulmonary circulation?
blood passes first through veins, then capillaries and then arteries
arteries carry deoxygenated blood and veins carry oxygenated blood
blood from the pulmonary circulation sustains lung tissue cells
blood is carried between cardiac capillaries and lung capillaries
all of the blood in the pulmonary circulation is oxygenated
arteries carry deoxygenated blood and veins carry oxygenated blood
What is a portal system?
a portal system carries oxygenated blood to the tissues
a portal system delivers blood in two directions
a portal system is a series of vessels that have merged
a portal system directs blood one way into the tissues but does not
provide a collection of the blood
A portal system carries blood from one capillary bed to another
A portal system carries blood from one capillary bed to another
The gastric, pancreatic and splenic veins are all part of what circulation?
pulmonary
systemic
fetal until birth and systemic after birth
hepatic portal
coronary
Hepatic portal
The hepatic portal vein is formed by the union of what two vessels?
the hepatic artery and the splenic vein
the hepatic artery and the pancreatic vein
the splenic vein and the pancreatic vein
the splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein
the hepatic vein and the inferior mesenteric vein
the splenic vein and the superior mesenteric vein
Which of the following vessels are involved in the pulmonary circulation?
left ventricle, aorta and left and right pulmonary veins
left atrium, left ventricle and pulmonary trunk
pulmonary trunk, alveoli, left and right pulmonary veins
right ventricle, pulmonary veins and coronary artery
superior vena cava, pulmonary trunk and left and right pulmonary veins
pulmonary trunk, alveoli, left and right pulmonary veins
Which of the following describes hypovolemic shock?
It is always fatal
It is a result of a massive release of histamine causing vasodilation
and poor circulation
It is the type of shock in which there has been a large scale loss of blood
It is a condition in which blood vessels are inadequately filled and
blood circulates normally
It is a result of faulty conduction of the cardiac muscles
It is the type of shock in which there has been a large scale loss of blood
Which of the following is associated with varicose veins?
plaque build up
leaky valves
vasoconstriction
balloon-like out pocketing
inflammation
leaky valves
What artery is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
radial
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
cephalic vein
What artery is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
subclavian
What artery is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
brachial
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
basilic vein
What artery is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
common iliac artery
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
anterior tibial vein
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
femoral artery
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
metatarsal artery
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
popliteal vein
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
brachiocephalic trunk
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
superficial temporal artery
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
internal jugular vein
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
superior vena cava
What vein is indicated by the arrow in the following diagram?
superior mesenteric vein
