Lesson 5

Question 1

a group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms

Answer 1

biome

Question 2

is the most important abiotic factor affecting the distribution of terrestrial biomes.

Answer 2

Climate

Question 3

Climate includes___?___and ___?___, and it determines growing season

Answer 3

temperatureand precipitation

Question 4

RAINFORESTS, DESERTS, GRASSLANDS, DECIDOUS FORESTS, BOREAL FORESTS, & TUNDRA

Answer 4

LAND

Question 5

: FRESHWATER & MARINE ECOSYSTEMS

Answer 5

WATER

Question 6

Types of Ecosystems

Answer 6

1. Terrestrial
   > Desert
   > Grassland
   > Forest
2. Aquatic
   > Freshwater
   > Marine

Question 7

More than one-third of the earth’s surface

Average PRECIPITATION is LOW

An area that receives less than 25 cm of rain per year.

Answer 7

The Desert

Question 8

TYPES OF DESERT

Answer 8

1. Tropical Desert
2. Temperate Desert (Mid-Latitude Desert)
3. Cold Desert (High Latitude Desert)

Question 9

The scorching ___?___ in Africa cools rapidly after the sun goes down.

Answer 9

Namib desert

Question 10

in central Asia is cooler and even experiences freezing temperatures in the winter.

Answer 10

Gobi Desert

Question 11

MODERATE PRECIPITATION

Provide homes and breeding grounds for many wildlife species such as grazing animals

Receive 25 to 75 cm of rain per year.

Answer 11

The Grasslands

Question 12

TYPES OF GRASSLAND

Answer 12

1. Tropical Grassland (Savanna)
2. Temperate Grassland (Mid-Latitude)
3. Polar Grassland (High-Latitude)

Question 13

Grassland that is located closer to the equator than prairies.

Answer 13

Savanna

Question 14

Average PRECIPITATION is HIGH

Consist of various species of trees and smaller woody forms of vegetation.

Answer 14

The Forests

Question 15

TYPES OF FOREST

Answer 15

1. Tropical Rainforest
2. Temperate Forest
3. Cold Forest

Question 16

There are 2 main types of rain forests:

Answer 16

Temperate Rain Forests and Tropical Rain Forests.

Question 17

Found in regions close to the equator

Warm and humid all year long.

Lots of precipitation.

Diverse plant growth.

Answer 17

TROPICAL RAIN FORESTS

Question 18

A leafy roof formed by the tallest trees.

Answer 18

Canopy

Question 19

A second layer of shorter trees and vines.

Answer 19

Understory

Question 20

having moderate temperatures.

Northwestern coast of U.S. is a temperate rain forest.

Receives more than 300 cm of rain per year.

Answer 20

TEMPERATE RAIN FORESTS

Question 21

Trees that shed their leaves and grow new ones each year (Oaks, Maples…)

Receive enough rain to support the growth of trees and other plants (at least 50 cm per year).

Growing season is 5 to 6 months long.

Answer 21

DECIDUOUS FOREST

Question 22

Mostly contains coniferous trees (trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles). Ex. Fir, Spruce, Hemlock…

Very cold winters (a lot of snow).

Warm and rainy summers.

Answer 22

BOREAL FOREST (taiga)

Question 23

Extremely cold and dry biome.

Usually receives NO more precipitation than a desert biome.

Most soil is frozen all year long (permafrost)
During summer, the top layer of soil thaws, but the rest remains frozen.

Answer 23

TUNDRA

Question 24

Approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface

Contain approximately 97% of the planet’s water

They are distinguished from freshwater ecosystems by the presence of dissolved compounds, especially salts, in the water

Answer 24

Marine Ecosystems

Question 25

Where freshwater of a river meets saltwater of the ocean.

Answer 25

Estuary

Question 26

The area between the highest high
tide line and the lowest low tide line

Answer 26

Intertidal Zone

Question 27

The area below the low tide line which extends over the continental shelf.

Answer 27

Neritic Zone

Question 28

Separated into two zones

Answer 28

Open Ocean

Question 29

The first few hundred meters deep of the ocean(where light penetrates).

Answer 29

Surface Zone

Question 30

Below the surface zone (totally dark and home to many BIZZARE organisms).

Answer 30

Deep Zone

Question 31

Low salt concentration — usually less than 1%.

Plants and animals in __?__ regions are adjusted to the low salt content and would not be able to survive in areas of high salt concentration.

include streams, rivers, ponds and lakes.

Answer 31

Freshwater ecosystems

Question 32

TYPES OF FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM

Answer 32

1. Lentic
2. Lotic
3. Wetlands

Question 33

Slow-moving water
Examples: ponds and lakes

Answer 33

Lentic

Question 34

Rapidly-moving water
Examples: streams and rivers

Answer 34

Lotic

Question 35

Soils remain saturated for a long period of time
Examples: marsh and swamps

Answer 35

Wetlands

Question 36

Animals adapt to the ___?___ current (hooks and suckers to cling to rocks, streamline bodies).

Few -plants or algae can grow because of the strong currents.

Animals rely on seeds and leaves to fall in the water as food.

Answer 36

Rivers and Streams

Question 37

Bodies of standing or still freshwater.

Answer 37

Ponds and Lakes

Question 38

Shallow enough for sunlight to hit bottom (allowing plants to grow there).

Answer 38

Ponds

Question 39

Too deep for plants to grow on the bottom, so algae grows and floats on top of water.

Answer 39

Lakes