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GE-ELEC > Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Flashcards

1
Q

a group of land ecosystems with similar climates and organisms

A

biome

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2
Q

is the most important abiotic factor affecting the distribution of terrestrial biomes.

A

Climate

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3
Q

Climate includes___?___and ___?___, and it determines growing season

A

temperatureand precipitation

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4
Q

RAINFORESTS, DESERTS, GRASSLANDS, DECIDOUS FORESTS, BOREAL FORESTS, & TUNDRA

A

LAND

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5
Q

: FRESHWATER & MARINE ECOSYSTEMS

A

WATER

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6
Q

Types of Ecosystems

A
  1. Terrestrial
    > Desert
    > Grassland
    > Forest
  2. Aquatic
    > Freshwater
    > Marine
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7
Q

More than one-third of the earth’s surface

Average PRECIPITATION is LOW

An area that receives less than 25 cm of rain per year.

A

The Desert

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8
Q

TYPES OF DESERT

A
  1. Tropical Desert
  2. Temperate Desert (Mid-Latitude Desert)
  3. Cold Desert (High Latitude Desert)
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9
Q

The scorching ___?___ in Africa cools rapidly after the sun goes down.

A

Namib desert

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10
Q

in central Asia is cooler and even experiences freezing temperatures in the winter.

A

Gobi Desert

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11
Q

MODERATE PRECIPITATION

Provide homes and breeding grounds for many wildlife species such as grazing animals

Receive 25 to 75 cm of rain per year.

A

The Grasslands

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12
Q

TYPES OF GRASSLAND

A
  1. Tropical Grassland (Savanna)
  2. Temperate Grassland (Mid-Latitude)
  3. Polar Grassland (High-Latitude)
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13
Q

Grassland that is located closer to the equator than prairies.

A

Savanna

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14
Q

Average PRECIPITATION is HIGH

Consist of various species of trees and smaller woody forms of vegetation.

A

The Forests

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15
Q

TYPES OF FOREST

A
  1. Tropical Rainforest
  2. Temperate Forest
  3. Cold Forest
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16
Q

There are 2 main types of rain forests:

A

Temperate Rain Forests and Tropical Rain Forests.

17
Q

Found in regions close to the equator

Warm and humid all year long.

Lots of precipitation.

Diverse plant growth.

A

TROPICAL RAIN FORESTS

18
Q

A leafy roof formed by the tallest trees.

A

Canopy

19
Q

A second layer of shorter trees and vines.

A

Understory

20
Q

having moderate temperatures.

Northwestern coast of U.S. is a temperate rain forest.

Receives more than 300 cm of rain per year.

A

TEMPERATE RAIN FORESTS

21
Q

Trees that shed their leaves and grow new ones each year (Oaks, Maples…)

Receive enough rain to support the growth of trees and other plants (at least 50 cm per year).

Growing season is 5 to 6 months long.

A

DECIDUOUS FOREST

22
Q

Mostly contains coniferous trees (trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles). Ex. Fir, Spruce, Hemlock…

Very cold winters (a lot of snow).

Warm and rainy summers.

A

BOREAL FOREST (taiga)

23
Q

Extremely cold and dry biome.

Usually receives NO more precipitation than a desert biome.

Most soil is frozen all year long (permafrost)
During summer, the top layer of soil thaws, but the rest remains frozen.

A

TUNDRA

24
Q

Approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface

Contain approximately 97% of the planet’s water

They are distinguished from freshwater ecosystems by the presence of dissolved compounds, especially salts, in the water

A

Marine Ecosystems

25
Q

Where freshwater of a river meets saltwater of the ocean.

A

Estuary

26
Q

The area between the highest high
tide line and the lowest low tide line

A

Intertidal Zone

27
Q

The area below the low tide line which extends over the continental shelf.

A

Neritic Zone

28
Q

Separated into two zones

A

Open Ocean

29
Q

The first few hundred meters deep of the ocean(where light penetrates).

A

Surface Zone

30
Q

Below the surface zone (totally dark and home to many BIZZARE organisms).

A

Deep Zone

31
Q

Low salt concentration — usually less than 1%.

Plants and animals in __?__ regions are adjusted to the low salt content and would not be able to survive in areas of high salt concentration.

include streams, rivers, ponds and lakes.

A

Freshwater ecosystems

32
Q

TYPES OF FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEM

A
  1. Lentic
  2. Lotic
  3. Wetlands
33
Q

Slow-moving water
Examples: ponds and lakes

A

Lentic

34
Q

Rapidly-moving water
Examples: streams and rivers

A

Lotic

35
Q

Soils remain saturated for a long period of time
Examples: marsh and swamps

A

Wetlands

36
Q

Animals adapt to the ___?___ current (hooks and suckers to cling to rocks, streamline bodies).

Few -plants or algae can grow because of the strong currents.

Animals rely on seeds and leaves to fall in the water as food.

A

Rivers and Streams

37
Q

Bodies of standing or still freshwater.

A

Ponds and Lakes

38
Q

Shallow enough for sunlight to hit bottom (allowing plants to grow there).

A

Ponds

39
Q

Too deep for plants to grow on the bottom, so algae grows and floats on top of water.

A

Lakes

GE-ELEC (6 decks)

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