Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

My Packs: HOSA (Medical Terminology) > Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is the skeleton divided into?

A

Axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
Thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define:

Axial skeleton

A

Includes the cranium, spine, and ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define:

Appendicular skeleton

A

Includes the upper and lower extremities, shoulders, and pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define:

Thorax

A

The chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The _____ of the ________ meet at ______

A

Bones
Skeleton
Joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

bone marrow

A

Soft tissue within bone, with multiple functions including production of blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

cancellous bone (or spongy bone)

A

Meshlike bone tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

compact bone

A

Harder, denser bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

diaphysis

A

The shaft of a long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

endosteum

A

Membrane within medullary cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

epiphysis

A

The wider ends of a long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

epiphysial plate

A

The growth area of a long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

medullary cavity

A

Space within long bone shaft filled with bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

metaphysis

A

The flared section of a long bone between the diaphysis and epiphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

os (pl. ossa)

A

Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

osteoblast

A

Bone-forming cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

osteoclast

A

A cell that helps remove osseous (bony) tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

osteocyte

A

Bone cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

State the meaning of the bone structure term:

periosteum

A

Membrane surrounding a bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define the following term on joints:

Articulation

A

The site where bones come together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Define the following term on joints:

Bursa

A

A fluid-filled fibrous sac within joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Define the following term on joints:

Synovial joints

A

Joints that move freely, with the joint cavity containing synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Define the following term on joints:

Intervertebral disk

A

Connective tissue sitting between vertebrae, forms a platelike structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Define the following term on joints:

Ligament

A

Band of connective tissue joining bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Define the following term on joints:

Tendons

A

Band of connective tissue joining muscle to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Define the following term on joint movements:

Abduction

A

Moving away from the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Define the following term on joint movements:

Adduction

A

Moving toward the midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Define the following term on joint movements:

Circumduction

A

Moving in a circular manner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Define the following term on joint movements:

Inversion

A

Turning (foot) inward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Define the following term on joint movements:

Eversion

A

Turning (foot) outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Define the following term on joint movements:

Dorsiflexion

A

Bending foot upward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Define the following term on joint movements:

Plantar flexion

A

Bending foot downward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Define the following term on joint movements:

Pronation

A

Turning downward (palm of hand or sole of foot)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Define the following term on joint movements:

Supination

A

Turning upward (palm of hand or sole of foot)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The body consists of ___ muscles, and is split into:

A

600
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Define:

Skeletal muscle

A

Striated muscle present on the skeleton, used for voluntary control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Define:

Cardiac muscle

A

Striated muscle utilized for involuntary pumping of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Define:

Smooth muscle

A

Muscle found in internal organs, involuntary contractions utilized for organ function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

_______ connect muscles to _____

A

Tendons
Bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

ankyl/o

A

Stiff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

arthr/o, articul/o

A

Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

burs/o

A

Bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

carp/o

A

Carpal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

chondr/o

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

clavic/o, clavicul/o

A

Clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

cervic/o

A

Neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

cost/o

A

Rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

crani/o

A

Cranium, skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

disk/o

A

Disk or disc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

fasci/o

A

Fascia, band

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

femor/o

A

Femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

fibul/o

A

Fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

humer/o

A

Humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

ili/o

A

Ilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

ischi/o

A

Ischium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

kinesi/o, kinet/o

A

Movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

kyph/o

A

Humpback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

lei/o

A

Smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

lamin/o

A

Lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

lord/o

A

Curved, bent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

lumb/o

A

Lumbar region, lower back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

mandibul/o

A

Mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

maxill/o

A

Maxilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

menisc/o

A

Meniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

my/o, myos/o, muscul/o

A

Muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

myel/o

A

Bone marrow, spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

oste/o

A

Bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

patell/o

A

Patella

69
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

pelv/i, pelv/o

A

Pelvis, pelvic cavity

70
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

phalang/o

A

Phalanges

71
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

pub/o

A

Pubis

72
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

rachi/o

A

Spine

73
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

radi/o

A

Radius

74
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

rhabd/o

A

Striated muscle

75
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

sacr/o

A

Sacrum

76
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

scapul/o

A

Scapula

77
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

scoli/o

A

Crooked, twisted

78
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

stern/o

A

Sternum

79
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

synovi/o

A

Synovial joint or fluid

80
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

tars/o

A

Tarsal bones

81
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

A

Tendon

82
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

thorac/o

A

Thorax, chest

83
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

ton/o

A

Tone, tension

84
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

uln/o

A

Ulna

85
Q

State the meaning of the following root words:

vertebr/o, spondyl/o

A

Vertebra

86
Q

State the meaning of the following prefixes:

inter-

A

Between

87
Q

State the meaning of the following prefixes:

intra-

A

Within

88
Q

State the meaning of the following prefixes:

supra-

A

Above

89
Q

State the meaning of the following prefixes:

sub-

A

Below, beneath

90
Q

State the meaning of the following prefixes:

sym-, syn-

A

Together, with

91
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-algia

A

Pain

92
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-asthenia

A

Weakness

93
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-centesis

A

Puncture to aspirate

94
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-clasia, -clasis, -clast

A

To break

95
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-desis

A

Surgical fixation, binding

96
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-ectomy

A

Excision, surgical removal

97
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-itis

A

Inflammation

98
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-osis

A

Abnormal condition

99
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-physis

A

Growth

100
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-plasty

A

Surgical repair, reconstruction

101
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-porosis

A

Pore, passage

102
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-rrhaphy

A

Suture

103
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-schisis

A

To split

104
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-trophy

A

Development, nourishment

105
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

carpal

A

Pertaining to the carpal bones

106
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

costovertebral

A

Pertaining to the ribs and thoracic vertebrae

107
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

cranial

A

Pertaining to the skull

108
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

femoral

A

Pertaining to the femur

109
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

humeral

A

Pertaining to the humerus

110
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

iliofemoral

A

Pertaining to the ilium and femur

111
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

intercostal

A

Pertaining to the area between the ribs

112
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

intervertebral

A

Pertaining to the area between vertebrae

113
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

intracranial

A

Pertaining to the area within the skull

114
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

ischiofemoral

A

Pertaining to the ischium and femur

115
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

lumbar

A

Pertaining to the lower back

116
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

lumbocostal

A

Pertaining to the lumbar vertebrae and ribs

117
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

lumbosacral

A

Pertaining to the lumbar vertebrae and sacrum

118
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

osseous

A

Pertaining to bone

119
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

pelvic

A

Pertaining to the pelvis or pelvic cavity

120
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

sacral

A

Pertaining to the sacrum

121
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

sacrovertebral

A

Pertaining to the sacrum and the vertebrae above

122
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

sternoclavicular

A

Pertaining to the sternum and clavicle

123
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

sternoid

A

Resembling the sternum

124
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

subcostal

A

Pertaining to the area below a rib or the ribs

125
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

submandibular

A

Pertaining to the area below the mandible

126
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

submaxillary

A

Pertaining to the area below the maxilla

127
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

subscapular

A

Pertaining to the area below the scapula

128
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

substernal

A

Pertaining to the area below the sternum

129
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

suprapatellar

A

Pertaining to the area above the patella

130
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

suprascapular

A

Pertaining to the area above the scapula

131
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective/related term:

synovial

A

Pertaining to, containing, or consisting of synovial fluid

132
Q

What does arth- refer to in skeletal system medical conditions?

A

Refers to joints

133
Q

Define:

Arthritis

A

Inflammation of a joint

134
Q

Define:

Arthrochondritis

A

Inflammation of articular cartilage

135
Q

Define:

Arthralgia

A

Condition of pain in a joint

136
Q

What does bu- refer to in skeletal system medical conditions?

A

Refers to bursae

137
Q

Define:

Bunion

A

Swelling of the metatarsophalangeal joint due to an inflammatory bursa

138
Q

Define:

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of a bursa

139
Q

Define:

Bursolith

A

A calcified stone formed in a bursa

140
Q

Define:

Ankylosis

A

Stiffening or fixation of a joint

141
Q

Define:

Ankylosing Spondylitis

A

Stiffening of the spine

142
Q

How does arthritis progress?

A

Early stage begins with cartilage degeneration between the joints
Later stages shows loss of cartilage between the joints, inflammation stretches joints capsule

143
Q

List the types of fractures

A

Comminuted
Spiral
Transverse
Greenstick
Compound (open)
Simple (closed)

144
Q

Define:

Comminuted fracture

A

Breakage of the bone into more than two fragments

145
Q

Define:

Spiral fracture

A

Bone fracture occurring when torque (a rotating force) is applied along the axis of a bone

146
Q

Define:

Transverse fracture

A

A bone that has broken perpendicular to its length

147
Q

Define:

Greenstick fracture

A

A crack or break on one side of a long bone in the arm or leg that does not extend all the way through the bone

148
Q

Define:

Compound (open) fracture

A

An injury in which a broken bone pierces the skin

149
Q

Define:

Simple (closed) fracture

A

A fracture of the bone only, without damage to the surrounding tissues or breaking of the skin

150
Q

List some possible conditions of the spine

A

Kyphosis
Lordosis
Scoliosis
Herniated disks

151
Q

Define:

Kyphosis

A

Humpback with abnormal forward curvature

152
Q

Define:

Lordosis

A

Abnormal backward curvature

153
Q

Define:

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature

154
Q

Define:

Herniated disks

A

Protrusion of fragmented or degenerated intervertebral disks

155
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

dystrophy

A

Abnormal development or growth of a tissue or organ often resulting from nutritional deficiency

156
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

exostosis

A

Bony projection that develops from cartilage

157
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

fibromyalgia

A

Condition of chronic aching and stiffness of muscles and soft tissues of unknown cause

158
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

fracture

A

A break in a bone or cartilage

159
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

gout

A

Metabolic disorder involving painful deposits of crystals in connective tissue and articular cartilage

160
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

herniated disk (or disc)

A

Protrusion of a degenerated or fragmented intervertebral disk

161
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

hyperkinesia

A

Condition of excessive muscular movements

162
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

hypertrophy

A

Increased development of a part or organ not caused by a tumor

163
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

maxillitis

A

Inflammation of the maxilla

164
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

meniscitis

A

Inflammation of a meniscus

165
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

muscular dystrophy (MD)

A

Hereditary condition causing progressive degeneration of skeletal muscles

166
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

myalgia

A

Condition of muscular pain

167
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

myasthenia gravis (MG)

A

Condition of neuromuscular disorder causing weakness and fatigue of voluntary muscles

168
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

myositis

A

Inflammation of a muscle

169
Q

State the meaning of the following medical condition of muscle/joint:

osteitis

A

Inflammation of bone

My Packs: HOSA (Medical Terminology) (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions