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My Packs: HOSA (Medical Terminology) > Lesson 4 > Flashcards

Lesson 4 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What does the largest organ system consist of?

A

Skin and accessory organs such as hair, nails, sudoriferous glands (sweat glands), and sebaceous glands (oil glands)

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2
Q

Define:

Epidermis

A

Outer layer of skin; waterproof layer that functions as protection and contains melanocytes

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3
Q

Define:

Dermis

A

Deep layer of skin that contains the sweat and oil glands; also contains tiny muscles attached to the hair follicles

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4
Q

Define:

Subcutaneous layer

A

Layer of loose connective tissue that connects the skin to the surface muscles; contains the blood vessels and fat

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5
Q

List the layers of the skin

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous Layer

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6
Q

Define:

Adipocytes

A

Fat cells that make up most of the subcutaneous layer

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7
Q

Define:

Arrector pili

A

Tiny muscle that attaches to the hair follicle

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8
Q

Describe how goosebumps occur

A

Made by the contraction of the arrector pili muscles, an activity that causes the hair to stand straight up

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9
Q

Define:

Hair

A

Keratinized fibers that arise from hair follicles

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10
Q

Define:

Hair follicle

A

Area from which hair grows; located in the dermal layer of skin (dermis)

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11
Q

Define:

Keratin

A

Protein found in the hair and nails that promotes hardness

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12
Q

Define:

Keratinocytes

A

Cells that make up the epidermal layer of skin and assist in waterproofing the body

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13
Q

Define:

Melanocytes

A

Cells that give color to skin, eyes, and hair

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14
Q

Define:

Nail

A

Translucent plate made of keratin that covers and protects the ends of the fingers and toes

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15
Q

Define:

Sebaceous glands

A

Glands that secrete oil (sebum) into the hair follicle and to the epidermal layer of skin (epidermis)

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16
Q

Define:

Sebum

A

Oily secretion of the sebaceous gland

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17
Q

Define:

Sudoriferous glands

A

Glands that secrete sweat to the outside of the body; also assist in body temperature regulation

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18
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

ry/o

A

Cold

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19
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

cyan/o

A

Blue

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20
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o

A

Skin

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21
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

electr/o

A

Electricity

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22
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

erythr/o

A

Red

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23
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

hidr/o

A

Sweat

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24
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

kerat/o, scler/o

A

Hard

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25
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

lip/o, adip/o

A

Fat

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26
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

melan/o

A

Black, dark

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27
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

myc/o

A

Fungus

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28
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

necr/o

A

Death

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29
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

onych/o

A

Nail

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30
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

pachy/o

A

Thick

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31
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

py/o

A

Pus

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32
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

rhyid/o

A

Winkle

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33
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

seb/o

A

Sebum

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34
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

trich/o

A

Hair

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35
Q

State the meaning of the following root word for the epidermal system:

xanth/o

A

Yellow

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36
Q

State the meaning of the following prefix:

a-, an-

A

Without, not

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37
Q

State the meaning of the following prefix:

bio-

A

Life

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38
Q

State the meaning of the following prefix:

epi-

A

On, following

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39
Q

State the meaning of the following prefix:

intra-

A

Within

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40
Q

State the meaning of the following prefix:

para-

A

Beside

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41
Q

State the meaning of the following prefix:

per-

A

Through

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42
Q

State the meaning of the following prefix:

sub-

A

Below, beneath

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43
Q

State the meaning of the following prefix:

trans-

A

Across, through

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44
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-derma

A

Skin condition

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45
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-ectomy

A

Excision, surgical removal

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46
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-genic

A

Originating, producing

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47
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-itis

A

Inflammation

48
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-logist

A

One who specializes in

49
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-logy

A

Study of

50
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-malacia

A

Softening

51
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-pathy

A

Disease

52
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-phagia

A

To eat

53
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-plasty

A

Surgical repair, reconstruction

54
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-rrhea

A

Flow, discharge

55
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix:

-tome

A

Instrument used to cut

56
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

adipose

A

Fat, fatty

57
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

atypical

A

Unusual

58
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

circumscribed

A

Contained to a specific area

59
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

cyanosis

A

Blue discoloration of the skin and other tissues

60
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

disphoresis

A

Profuse sweating

61
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

dysplasia

A

Abnormal growth of tissue

62
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

erythematous

A

Condition of being red

63
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

eschar

A

Blackened area of burned tissue

64
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

exfoliation

A

Shedding of dead skin cells

65
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

hyperplasia

A

Excessive growth of tissue

66
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

indurated

A

Pertaining to an area of hardened tissue

67
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

integumentary

A

Pertaining to the skin and accessory structures

68
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

pallor

A

Abnormally pale skin coloration

69
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

pruritic

A

Pertaining to itching

70
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

purulent

A

Containing pus

71
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

Sebaceous

A

Pertaining to sebum

72
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

sudoriferous

A

Pertaining to sweat

73
Q

State the meaning of the following adjective:

turgor

A

Condition of fullness

74
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

cicatrix

A

The fibrous tissue replacing normal tissues destroyed by disease or injury; commonly called a scar

75
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

comedo

A

Dilated hair follicle filled with bacteria and sebum; commonly called a whitehead or blackhead

76
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

contusion

A

Injury producing discoloration and swelling without causing a break in the skin; commonly called a bruise

77
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

cyst

A

A closed sac that contains liquid or semiliquid substances

78
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

decubitus ulcer

A

A pressure sore of the skin and underlying tissues

79
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

eczema

A

Inflammatory condition of the skin causing redness, scaling, blisters, itchiness, and burning

80
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

excoriation

A

A scratch mark on the skin

81
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

fissure

A

A deep furrow, cleft, slit, or tear in the skin

82
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

furuncle

A

Infection of a hair follicle; commonly called a boil

83
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

gangrene

A

Area of necrosis due to lack of blood flow

84
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

herpes simplex

A

An eruption of blisters on the skin and submucous membranes caused by a local infection of the herpes virus

85
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

herpes zoster

A

A viral infection that affects the peripheral nerves and causes an eruption of blisters that follows the course of the affected nerves; closely related to varicella; commonly called shingles

86
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

impetigo

A

A contagious bacterial skin infection typically occurring on the face of children

87
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

jaundice

A

Abnormal yellowing of the skin

88
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

nodule

A

Solid raised area located in any layer of the skin

89
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

papule

A

A small, raised, solid circumscribed area of the skin

90
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

paronychia

A

Inflammation and infection around the nail due to bacteria or fungi

91
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

pediculosis

A

An infestation of lice

92
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

psoriasis

A

Common inherited condition causing silvery discolored areas of rough skin primarily on the scalp, knees, elbows, and trunk

93
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

pustule

A

A small circumscribed elevation of the skin containing pus

94
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

rosacea

A

Chronic disorder of the skin causing erythematous areas, papules, and pustules and also increased sebum production; usually occurs on the face

95
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

scabies

A

A dermal eruption (caused by mites) that causes extensive pruritus (itching)

96
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

tinea

A

Fungal infection of the hair, skin, and nails; commonly called ringworm

97
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

tinea capitis

A

Fungal infection of the scalp

98
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

tinea pedis

A

Fungal infection of the feet; commonly called athlete’s foot

99
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

urticaria

A

An eruption of itchy wheals usually related to an allergy; commonly called hives

100
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

varicella

A

An acute contagious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus and producing various skin eruptions; commonly known as chicken pox

101
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

verruca

A

A flesh-colored elevation of skin caused by a virus; commonly called a wart

102
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

vesicle

A

A clear, fluid-filled, raised lesion; commonly called a blister

103
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

vitiligo

A

Areas of skin that have decreased levels of melanocytes causing white patches of varied sizes

104
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

wheal

A

A raised reddish lesion that often changes size and shape and extends into adjacent areas; usually associated with an allergen

105
Q

State the meaning for the following symptom/medical condition:

xanthoderma

A

Any yellow coloration of the skin

106
Q

Describe:

Superficial burn

A

Burn occurs on the epidermis

107
Q

Describe:

Partial thickness burn

A

Burn reaches the dermis

108
Q

Describe:

Full thickness burn

A

Burn reaches subcutaneous layer

109
Q

Define:

Dermatology

A

A medical specialty focusing on the study and treatment of disorders of the skin

110
Q

Define:

Dermatologist

A

Physician who specializes in dermatology

111
Q

Define:

Medical esthetician

A

Licensed professional in the field of cosmetic beauty

112
Q

Define the following abbreviation:

Bx

A

Biopsy

113
Q

Define the following abbreviation:

C&S

A

Culture and sensitivity

114
Q

Define the following abbreviation:

ED&C

A

Electrodesiccation and curettage

115
Q

Define the following abbreviation:

FS

A

Frozen section

116
Q

Define the following abbreviation:

I&D

A

Incision and drainage

117
Q

Define the following abbreviation:

PPD

A

Purified protein derivative

My Packs: HOSA (Medical Terminology) (4 decks)

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