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My Packs: HOSA (Medical Terminology) > Lesson 3 > Flashcards

Lesson 3 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

aden/o

A

Gland

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2
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

blast/o

A

Immature cell

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3
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

cyt/o

A

Cell

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4
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

epitheli/o

A

Epithelium (type of tissue)

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5
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

fibr/o

A

Fiber

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6
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

gluc/o, glyc/o

A

Glucose, sugar

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7
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

hem/o, hemat/o

A

Blood

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8
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

hist/o

A

Tissue

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9
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

hydr/o

A

Water, fluid

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10
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

lei/o

A

Smooth

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11
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

lip/o

A

Fat

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12
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

morph/o

A

Form, shape

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13
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

my/o, myos/o

A

Muscle

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14
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

necr/o

A

Death

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15
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

neur/o

A

Nerve

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16
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

nucle/o

A

Nucleus

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17
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

oste/o

A

Bone

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18
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

path/o

A

Disease

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19
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

sarc/o

A

Flesh

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20
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

troph/o

A

Nourishment

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21
Q

State the meaning of the following root word related to body structure in health and disease:

viscer/o

A

Internal Organs

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22
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix related to body structure in health and disease:

-cyte

A

Cell

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23
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix related to body structure in health and disease:

-oma

A

Tumor

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24
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix related to body structure in health and disease:

-osis

A

Abnormal condition

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25
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix related to body structure in health and disease:

-pathy

A

Disease

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26
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix related to body structure in health and disease:

-plasia

A

Formation, growth

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27
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix related to body structure in health and disease:

-sis

A

Condition, process

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28
Q

State the meaning of the following suffix related to body structure in health and disease:

-stasis

A

Stopped, standing still

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29
Q

Define:

Body system

A

Group of organs with related structure and function

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30
Q

Define:

Cell

A

Smallest independent unit of living structure

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31
Q

Define:

Chromosome

A

Structure in cell nucleus bearing genes

32
Q

Define:

Gene

A

Functional unit of heredity occupying a specific place on a chromosome

33
Q

Define:

Cytology

A

Study of cells

34
Q

Define:

Histology

A

Study of cells and tissues

35
Q

Define:

Homeostasis

A

State of equilibrium

36
Q

Define:

Metabolism

A

Sum of the normal chemical and physical changes occurring in tissues

37
Q

Define:

Organ

A

A differentiated structure of similar tissues or cells with a specific function

38
Q

Define:

Somatic

A

Pertaining to the body

39
Q

Define:

Systemic

A

Pertaining to the body as a whole

40
Q

What types of diseases are there?

A

Functional disorders
Iatrogenic illness
Idiopathic disorder
Infectious disease
Nosocomial infection
Organic disorder

41
Q

Define:

Functional disorders

A

Produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified (E.x. Panic attacks)

42
Q

Define:

Iatrogenic illness

A

An unfavorable response due to prescribed medical treatment (E.x. Severe burns from radiation therapy)

43
Q

Define:

Idiopathic disorder

A

An illness without known cause

44
Q

Define:

Infectious disease

A

An illness caused by living pathogenic organisms

45
Q

Define:

Nosocomial infection

A

A disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

46
Q

Define:

Organic disorder

A

An organic disorder produces symptoms caused by detectable physical changes in the body

47
Q

Define:

Remission

A

Disease remission occurs when the severity of diseases symptoms lessens

48
Q

Define:

Exacerbation

A

Disease exacerbation occurs when the severity of a diseases symptoms increase

49
Q

Acute vs Chronic

A

Acute diseases are sudden in onset and brief in course
Chronic diseases refer to persistent diseases

50
Q

State the meaning of the following root word:

abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

51
Q

State the meaning of the following root word:

acr/o

A

Extremity, tip

52
Q

State the meaning of the following root word:

brachi/o

A

Arm

53
Q

State the meaning of the following root word:

cervic/o

A

Neck

54
Q

State the meaning of the following root word:

lumb/o

A

Lumbar region, lower back

55
Q

State the meaning of the following root word:

ped/o, pod/o

A

Foot

56
Q

State the meaning of the following root word:

pelv/i

A

Pelvis

57
Q

State the meaning of the following root word:

thorac/o

A

Thorax, chest

58
Q

Define:

Body cavity

A

A hollowed area typically occupied by an organ
Exist within a body area

59
Q

List the body cavities

A

Cranial cavity
Spinal cavity
Thoracic cavity
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity
Diaphragm cavity

60
Q

Describe:

Cranial cavity

A

Within the skull, occupied by the brain

61
Q

Describe:

Spinal cavity

A

Within the spine, occupied by the spinal cord

62
Q

Describe:

Thoracic cavity

A

Within the chest occupied by the lungs, heart, and other organs

63
Q

Describe:

Abdominal cavity

A

Within the abdomen, occupied by the digestive system, and other organs

64
Q

Describe:

Pelvic cavity

A

Within the pelvis, occupied by reproductive, urinary, and digestive organs

65
Q

How many abdominopelvic regions are there? List them

A

9
Right hypochondriac region
Epigastric region
Left hypochondriac region
Right lumbar region
Umbilical region
Left lumbar region
Right iliac region
Hypogastric (suprapubic region)
Left iliac region

66
Q

Besides abdominopelvic regions, what else is there?

A

Abdominopelvic Quadrants

67
Q

Define:

Anatomical Position

A

Standing upright
Head and eyes directed straight ahead
Upper limbs at the sides
Upper limbs slightly away from trunk
Palms facing forward
Thumbs pointing away from body
Lower limbs parallel
Feet flat on the ground and facing forward

68
Q

Define:

Coronal Plane

A

A plane that divides the body into front and back

69
Q

What does the coronal plane divide the body into?

A

Anterior/Posterior or Ventral/Dorsal planes

70
Q

Define:

Sagittal Plane

A

A plane that divides the body into left and right

71
Q

What does the sagittal plane divides the body into?

A

Lateral (side) and Medial (centre)

72
Q

Define:

Axial Plane

A

A plane that divides the body into upper and lower

73
Q

What does the axial plane divides the body into?

A

Superior and inferior

74
Q

Define:

Proximal

A

The ends of the joint sit at the point of origin

75
Q

True or False
The proximal ends of the joint remains stationary

A

True

76
Q

Define:

Distal

A

The ends of the joint sit away from the point of origin

77
Q

True or False:
The distal ends of the joint remains stationary

A

False, the distal ends of the joint moves relative to the proximal end

My Packs: HOSA (Medical Terminology) (4 decks)

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