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PHILO > Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following statements is ALWAYS TRUE?

A

i. Choices have consequences.

ii. We are who we are today because of the choices we made yesterday.

iii. Some things are given up while others are obtained in making choices.

all of the above

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2
Q

It views that the persons’ moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live?

A

Social contract theory

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3
Q

Who proposed that “Freedom is a means to human excellence, to human happiness, to the fulfillment of human destiny and that it is the capacity to choose wisely and to act well as a matter of habit—or, to use the old-fashioned term, as an outgrowth of virtue”?

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

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4
Q

What is the act of using your will to make a conscious decision?

A

volition

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5
Q

What is the act of making good judgment that allows a person to avoid risk?

A

prudence

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6
Q

In life, we have choices. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the choices that we make?

A

Everything that happens to us are all consequences of what we have in our environment.

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7
Q

What method of philosophizing focuses on the human freedom?

A

existentialism

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8
Q

Which statement describes freedom of choice?

A

The ability to decide for oneself shows freedom of choice

The ability to do one’s decision

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9
Q

What do you call a person’s natural birthright to make his/her own decisions and choose his/her own path?

A

free will

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10
Q

What comprised those laws that govern the nature of an eternal universe?

A

eternal law

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11
Q

Who is the well-known philosopher who claims that every experience is associated to water?

A

Thales

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12
Q

What covers good judgement, considering the consequences of an action, using common sense and discretion, exercising caution, and conforming to reason and decency?

A

prudence

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13
Q

the physical and mental ability to exercise that free will, and is also a
person’s birthright. It is the political/social/cultural climate where your “free will” may or
may not be actualized.

A

Freedom

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14
Q

In decision-making, we are guided by _____

A

reasons and intellect

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15
Q

Decisions are actually meaningless if we don’t have
the ______ to do it.

A

will

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16
Q

The historical law of Scripture given to us through God’s self-revelation.

A

Divine Law

17
Q

the master principle of man that “good is to be done and pursued and
evil avoided.” This is the instruct of self-preservation.

A

Natural law

18
Q

the interpretation of natural law in different contexts.

A

Human Law

19
Q

foundation for moral and civil law.

A

Natural law

20
Q

aptly chose and proposed Love rather than Law to bring about the transformation of humanity.

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

21
Q

Freedom is therefore the very core
and the door to authentic existence.

A

Jean Paul Sartre

22
Q

the condition wherein people give up some individual
liberty in exchange for some security.

A

Social contract

23
Q

When there has been no covenant, no action can be unjust.

A

Thomas Hobbes

24
Q

His famous idea, ‘man is
born free, but he is everywhere in chains’ challenged the
traditional order of society.

A

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

25
Q

regarded as the father of Operant Conditioning, but his work was based
on Thorndike’s (1898) law of effect.

A

Skinner

26
Q

behavior that is followed
by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated, and behavior followed by unpleasant
consequences is less likely to be repeated.

A

Operant Conditioning

27
Q

method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior.

A

Operant Conditioning

28
Q

behavioral psychology is at fault for having overanalyzed the
words “reward” and “punishment” for we might have miscalculated the effects of the
environment in the individual.

A

Yelon (1996)

29
Q

punishment is an educative measure, and as such is a means to the formation of motives,
which are in part to prevent the wrongdoer from repeating the act and in part to prevent
others from committing a similar act.

A

Yelon

30
Q

Individual mind is the tool for
economic progress vis-à-vis laissez faire capitalism.

A

Ayn Rand

31
Q

the right to gain, to keep, to use and to dispose of material values.

A

Ayn Rand

32
Q

lined in family dependency because
Easterners believe that the individual needs the community and vice versa.

A

Individualism

33
Q

the individual is
the captain of his own ship on a sea that is not entirely devoid of uncertainties.

A

Filipino’s Loob

34
Q

the basis of Christian value of sensitivity to the needs of others and
gratitude.

A

Filipino’s loob

PHILO (5 decks)

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