lesson 4 irregular verbs

Question 1

Present indicative of sum
sum, esse, fuī, futūrum: be
Singular Plural

Answer 1

1 sum sumus
2 es estis
3 est sunt

Question 2

Translation of present indicative of sum

Answer 2

Singular Plural
1 sum = I am sumus = we are
2 es = you (sing.) are estis = you (pl.) are
3 est = he/she/it is sunt = they are

Question 3

Present subjunctive of sum
sum, esse, fuī, futūrum: be

Answer 3

Singular Plural
1 sim sīmus
2 sīs sītis
3 sit sint

Question 4

Present indicative of possum
possum, posse, potuī: be able, can

Answer 4

Singular Plural
1 possum possumus
2 potes potestis
3 potest possunt

Question 5

Present subjunctive of possum
possum, posse, potuī: be able, can

Answer 5

Singular Plural
1 possim possīmus
2 possīs possītis
3 possit possint

Question 6

Imperatives of sum/possum
Singular Plural

Answer 6

2 es (“be!”) / potes (“be able!”) este (“be!”) / poteste (“be able!”)

Question 7

Infinitives of sum/possum

Answer 7

Sum: esse (“to be”)
Possum: posse (“to be able”)

Question 8

Possumus bibere.

Answer 8

We are able to drink. Or: We can drink

Question 9

Possunt ineptīre.

Answer 9

They are able to be foolish. Or: They can be foolish.

Question 10

Potest linguam Latīnam legere.

Answer 10

She is able to read the Latin language.
Or: She can read the Latin language.

Question 11

Bibimus, ut possīmus bene (well) vīvere.

Answer 11

We drink so that we can live well. Or, more literally: We drink so that we may be able to live well.

Question 12

Vīta brevis.

Answer 12

Life is short.

Question 13

Ars longa.

Answer 13

Art is long.

Question 14

Vīta est brevis, sed ars est longa.

Answer 14

Life is short, but art is long.

(Sed is a conjunction that contrasts the thought of what follows it with the idea of the main clause. In Latin, sed can be dropped altogether. This is a rhetorical trick that makes listeners or readers combine the clauses on their own without the help of a conjunction. In rhetoric, the figure of speech is called asyndeton, which means “no connection” in ancient Greek.)

Question 15

Sit vīta longa!

Answer 15

May life be long!

Question 16

Ars brevis esse potest.

Answer 16

Art can be short.

Question 17

Linguam Latīnam legere possumus.

Answer 17

We can read the Latin language.

Question 18

Potestis ineptīre.

Answer 18

Y’all can be foolish.

Question 19

Sumus.

Answer 19

We are.

Question 20

Sīmus..

Answer 20

Let us be

Question 21

Est.

Answer 21

It is.

Question 22

Sit. .

Answer 22

Let it be

Question 23

Sit, sit.

Answer 23

Let it be, let it be.

Question 24

Esse an nōn (or not) esse?

Answer 24

To be or not to be?

Question 25

Esse est posse.

Answer 25

To be is to be able.

Question 26

Pōne metum; valeō.

Answer 26

Put away your fear, (for) I am well. (Ovid)

Question 27

Pōnāmus metum.

Answer 27

Let us put away our fear. Or: Let’s not be afraid.

Question 28

Pōnāmus nimiōs gemitūs!

Answer 28

Let us put away excessive sorrow! (Juvenal)

Question 29

Caesar populum Rōmānum dēcipit.

Answer 29

Caesar deceives the Roman people.

Question 30

Caesar populum Rōmānum dēcipere potest.

Answer 30

Caesar is able to deceive the Roman people.

Question 31

Fiat lūx!

Answer 31

Let there be light! Or, more literally: Let light be made!

Question 32

Sī lūx est, possumus bibere.

Answer 32

If there is light, we are able to drink.

Question 33

Sī lūx fiat, possīmus bibere.

Answer 33

If light should be made, we would be able to drink. Or, in less formal English: If you’d turn on the light, we’d be able to drink.

Question 34

Sī lūx fiat, possīmus bibere?

Answer 34

If it should become light, would we be able to drink?

Question 35

bene (adverb):

Answer 35

well

Question 36

dēcipiō, dēcipere, dēcēpī, dēceptum:

Answer 36

deceive

Question 37

legō, legere, lēgī, lēctum:

Answer 37

read

Question 38

nōn:

Answer 38

not

Question 39

possum, posse, potuī:

Answer 39

be able

Question 40

sed (conjunction):

Answer 40

but

Question 41

sum, esse, fuī, futūrum:

Answer 41

be