Lesson 4: Global Governance Flashcards
The world is facing with threats and challenges that no single country, no matter how powerful it is, can deal with.
Global Governance
September 11, 3000 deaths, including 19 hijackers
2002 Bali Bombings: 202 deaths, 209 injuries
2004 Madrid Bomb Attacks: 191 deaths, 2050 injuries
2005 London bomb attacks: 56 deaths (including 4 suicide bombers), 100 injuries
Terrorists
Proliferation of WMDs:
Nuclear Weapons
Biological Weapons
Chemical Weapons
What will happen if WMDs fall into the hands of terrorists?
Environmental Degradation
Environmental Degradation:
Global warming
Ozone layer
Living atmosphere
2004 Tsunami: 230,000 deaths and missing 2008 Cyclone Nagis: 138,366 deaths, $10bn
damages
2010 Haiti earthquake: around 92,000-230,000 deaths
2011 Earthquake and Tsunami
in Japan: 15,756 death, 5,927 injured, and 4,460 missing
Natural Disasters
29,000 children may have already been perished UN said it has only $1.3 billion of the 2.4 billion it needs 2 assist 12m people
Famine in the Horn of Africa:
In Cambodia, 250 people died, 18 provinces affected with the total cost of $521 millions Thailand, more than 500 people died with the damage cost of $ 3.2 billions
Flooding in Southeast Asia:
Death toll: nearly 300,00 people 200,00 internally displaced people
1.2 million registered refugees in neighboring countries
Humanitarian Crisis in Syria:
Arms trafficking
Drug trafficking
Trafficking in persons
Sex slavery
Cyber crimes
Piracy and Transnational Crimes:
HIV/AIDS
Malaria, TB
2009 A(H1N1): 16,931 deaths in more than 100 countries
EV71: 64 deaths in Cambodia
Pandemics
Pieces of Global Governance
- International Law
- International Norms or Soft Law
- International Organizations (IGOs)
- NGOs
- International Regimes
- Global Conference
- Ad hoc Arrangements
- Private Governance
Much of the growth has been in treaty law (1951-1995: 3,666 new multilateral treaties were concluded)
- International Law
treaties or conventions, customary practices, the writings of legal scholars, judicial decisions, and general principles of law)
There are 5 sources of international law:
Not a binding legal documents, but rather the standards of behaviors, such as: some human rights, labor rights, framework conventions on climate change and biodiversity.
- International Norms or Soft Law
In 2003/04, there were around 238 IGOS.
Types: Global (UN, WTO, WHO…), Regional (ASEAN, EU, AU, SAARC..). General purpose (UN, OAS), Specialized (WTO, WHO, ILO, Nato..)
Functions:
Informational-gather, analyze, disseminate data Forum exchanges of views and decision-making
Normative defining standards of behavior
Rule-creating-drafting treaties
Rule-supervisory - monitoring compliance
Operational actions to achieve goals
- International Organizations (IGOs)
There are over 6,500 NGOs that have an international dimension either in terms of membership or commitment to conduct activities.
- NGOs
Encompassing rules, norms and principles as well as the practices of actors that show both how their expectations converge and their acceptance of and compliance with rules.
E.g. IAEA, Kyoto Protocol
- International Regimes
The Summit for Children in 1990 in New York
Rio Earth Summit in 1992
Fourth World Conference on Women in 1995
Copenhagen Conference on Climate Change (COP15)
Cancun Conference on Climate Change (COP16)
- Global Conference
- Ad hoc Arrangements
G7
G8
G20
G77
Private governance is a growing, but little studies phenomenon.
Private firms are attempting to establish enforceable intellectual property rules for music, software, harmonization of labor standards, sanitation regulation
- Private Governance
What Actors in Global Governance?
States
IGOS
NGOS
Experts
Global Policy Networks
MNCs…
Why we need global governance?
- Globalization
- The End of the Cold Wa
r3. Emergent Transnational Civil Society
