Lesson 4: Classification of Rocks Flashcards
When one or more minerals form together in nature, it forms a naturally occurring solid. (held together by chemical bonds)
Rock
Study of Rocks
Petrology
Formed from hardening and crystallization of magma or molten material that originates deep within the earth.
Igneous Rocks
(type of igneous rocks)
Forms when magma makes its way to Earth’s surface as lava and then cools.
cooling process is fast.
Extrusive/Volcanic
(type of igneous rocks)
cools slowly beneath the Earth’s surface and are created by magma.
Intrusive/Plutonic
have very large crystals (coarse grained)
Intrusive/Plutonic
crystals are very small (fine grained)
Extrusive/Volcanic
Sediments accumulate in layers and after long periods of time harden into rocks.
particles of sands, shells, pebbles and other fragments of materials.
Sedimentary Rocks
due to increase pressure of layered sediments, it bind together to form sedimentary rocks.
Compaction
(type of sedimentary rock)
Formed from accumulation of clasts, little pieces of broken rocks and shells.
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
Made from pieces of other rocks compressed and cemented together.
Clastic Rocks
(type of sedimentary rock)
Formed when dissolved materials precipitate from a solution.
Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
(type of sedimentary rock)
Formed from the accumulation of animal debris.
Bioclastic Sedimentary Rocks
made from pieces of living things compressed and cemented together.
Bioclastic Rocks
Forms from pre-existing rocks: either metamorphic, igneous or sedimentary
Metamorphic Rocks
