Lesson 4: Arrhythmias Flashcards
What are common bradycaridas in children?
Sinus bradycardia
Various types of AV block
What two categories do tachycardias fall into?
Narrow-complex
Wide-complex
What are the most common arrhythmias seen in children?
Narrow-complex tachycardias (sinus tachycardia, SVT)
What wide-complex tachycardias may be seen in children?
VT
SVT with aberrant conduction
Identify causes of sinus bradycardia?
Physiological
Response to hypoxia with acidosis
Effects from cardiac surgery
What is an AV block?
A partial or complete interruption of impulse transmission form the atria to the ventricles.
What are potential causes of AV block?
Hypervagal tone
Myocarditis
Electrolyte abnormalities
Cardiac surgery
Medications
What is a first-degree AV block characterized by?
Delayed conduction at the AF node or bundle of His.
What is the key feature of second-degree AV block (Mobitz type 1, Wenckebach)?
Progressively longer delays followed by a dropped beat.
What are the features of second-degree AV block type II (Mobitz type II)?
Random impulses are not conducted through the bundle of His
What occurs in a third-degree AV block?
No impulses are conducted through to the ventricles.
Atria and ventricles contract at their own rates
How are wide-complex tachycardias distinguished from narrow-complex tachycardias?
Narrow ≤ 0.09 sec
Wide > 0.09 sec
What is typically the range of sinus tachycardia in children and infants?
Children < 180 beats/min
Infants < 22 beats/min
What is the most common symptomatic tachyarrhythmia found in children?
SVT
What is the rate for SVT in children and infants?
Children ≥ 180 bpm
Infants ≥ 220 bpm
