Lesson 4

Question 1

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

Answer 1

Resolves IP addresses to Media Access Control (MAC) addresses. MAC addressees are also known as physical addresses. The arp -a command (issued at the command prompt) can retrieve the contents of the ARP cache.

Question 2

Command prompt

Answer 2

A text-based command window. Users can enter commands in this window such as ping, ipconfig, netstat, and more.

Question 3

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

Answer 3

An organization that assigns port numbers to protocols including the well-known ports from 0 to 1023. IANA also manages the public IP address assignments.

Question 4

Kerberos

Answer 4

The primary authentication protocol used in Microsoft networks. Kerberos uses time-stamped tickets and the Active Directory database for authentication. Kerberos is also used in non-Microsoft networks. Kerberos uses port 88.

Question 5

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)

Answer 5

A tunneling protocol used with VPNs. PPTP uses Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE) for security. It is largely replaced with L2TP/IPSec or SSL as a tunneling protocol. PPTP uses port 1701.

Question 6

Port

Answer 6

Ports can be logical or physical. A port is a logical connection point that is associated with a protocol or an application. Physical ports are the connections to devices such as the port on a switch.

Question 7

Protocol

Answer 7

Protocols provide the rules that computers and other devices use to communicate with others on networks.

Question 8

Remote Desktop Services (RDS)

Answer 8

A group of Microsoft technologies previously known as Terminal Services. RDS uses the Remote Desktop Protocol and allows users to access desktops of remote computers over the network. RDS uses port 3389.

Question 9

Secure Shell (SSH)

Answer 9

An encryption protocol that transfers data over a secure channel. SSH is a recommended replacement for Telnet and is also used to encrypt other protocols such as FTP. SSH uses port 22.

Question 10

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

Answer 10

An encryption protocol used to encrypt other protocols such as HTTP and LDAP. SSL uses port 443 with HTTPS. It uses port 636 with Secure LDAP.

Question 11

Telnet

Answer 11

A command-line interface that allows bidirectional communication with network devices.

Question 12

Transport Layer Security (TLS)

Answer 12

An encryption that is the designated replacement for Secure Socket Layer protocol (SSL) protocol and currently coexists with SSL.