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4N0X1 Unit 3 > Lesson 3.1 | Terminology & Abbreviations > Flashcards

Lesson 3.1 | Terminology & Abbreviations Flashcards

1
Q

What are the components that medical terms are comprised of?

A
  1. Root word (Foundation)
  2. Prefix (Before Root)
  3. Suffix (After Root)
  4. Combining Vowels (Joins Components together)
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2
Q

Explain a Root Word?

A
  1. Main part or stem of a word
  2. Conveys the essential meaning
  3. Frequently indicates a body part

Ex:
Cardiopulmonary breaks down into:

Cardi is the root word meaning “heart”

Pulmon is the root word meaning “lungs”

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3
Q

Explain Prefixes?

A
  1. Appear at the beginning of a word
  2. Often Describe location or intensity
  3. Gives the root word it’s meaning

Note:
- Not all medical terms have prefixes
- Can create entirely different words or meanings
- Helps Indicate the meaning of unknown terms

Ex:
For the root word pnea (Breath), one can add the prefix

a- (without)

brady- (slow)

tachy- (rapid)

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4
Q

Explain Suffixes?

A
  1. Appear at the end of words
  2. Indicate:
    - Procedure
    - Condition
    - Disease
    - Part of Speech
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5
Q

Explain Combining Vowels?

A
  1. Connects root word to a suffix or other root word.
  2. Mostly cases are O, but can also be i or e

Ex:
Gastroenterology

Gastr/o + enter/o + logy

Stomach + intestines + study of

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6
Q

cardi?

A

Heart (root)

ex:
tachycardia ( Fast heart rate)

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7
Q

hepat?

A

Liver (root)

ex:
hepatomegaly (Enlargement of Liver)

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8
Q

nephr?

A

Kidney (root)

ex:
nephropathy (Disease of the kidney)

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9
Q

neur?

A

Nerves (root)

ex:
neurologist (Study of the mind)

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10
Q

psych?

A

Mind (root)

Ex:
psychology (Study of the mind)

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11
Q

thorac?

A

Chest (root)

Ex:
thoracic (study of the mind)

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12
Q

hyper-?

A

over, excessive, high (Prefix)

Ex:
hyperventilation (fast Ventilation)

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13
Q

hypo-?

A

under, below normal (prefix)

Ex:
hypothermia (Below normal body temperature)

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14
Q

tachy-?

A

rapid, fast (prefix)

Ex:
tachycardia (fast heart rate)

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15
Q

brady-?

A

slow (prefix)

Ex:
bradypnea (slow breathing)

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16
Q

pre-?

A

before (prefix)

Ex:
prenatal (occurring before birth)

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17
Q

post-?

A

after, behind (prefix)

ex:
post surgical (occurring after surgery)

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18
Q

-al?

A

pertaining to (suffix)

ex:
syncopal (pretaining to syncope)

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19
Q

-algia:

A

pertaining to pain (suffix)

ex: arthralgia (joint pain)

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20
Q

-ectomy?

A

surgical removal of (suffix)

ex:
appendectomy (surgical removal of the appendix)
vasectomy

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21
Q

-ic?

A

pertaining to (suffix)

ex:
diaphoretic (pertaining to diaphoresis)

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22
Q

-itis?

A

inflammation (suffix)

ex:
epiglottitis (inflammation of epiglottis)

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23
Q

-logy?

A

study of (suffix)

ex:
cardiology (study of the heart)

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24
Q

-logist?

A

specialist (suffix)

ex:
pulmonologist (spealist in the disease of the lung)

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25
Q

-megaly?

A

enlargement (suffix)

ex:
cardiomegaly (enlargement of heart)

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26
Q

-meter?

A

measuring instrument (suffix)

ex:
sphygmomanometer (measures blood pressure)

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27
Q

-oma?

A

tumor (suffix)

ex:
lymphoma (cancer of the lymphicsystem)

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28
Q

-pathy?

A

disease (suffix)

ex:
nephropathy (diseases of the kidneys)
pathogen

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29
Q

What is the plural ending for a term ending in, a?

A

a = ae

ex:
vertebra to vertebrae

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30
Q

What is the plural ending for a term ending for, is?

A

is = es

ex:
diagnosis to diagnoses

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31
Q

What is the plural ending for a term ending in, ex or ix?

A

ex or ix = ices

ex:
apex to apices

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32
Q

What is the plural ending for a term ending in, on or um?

A

on or um = a

ex:
ganglion to ganglia
ovum to ova

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33
Q

What is the plural ending for a term ending in, us?

A

us = i

ex:
bronchus to bronchi
Amongus to Amongi
Fungus to Fungi

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34
Q

cyan/o?

A

Blue

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35
Q

leuk/o?

A

White

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36
Q

erythr/o?

A

Red

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37
Q

cirrh/o?

A

Yellow/Orange

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38
Q

melan/o?

A

Black

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39
Q

poli/o?

A

Gray

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40
Q

chlor/o?

41
Q

alb/o?

42
Q

uni-?

43
Q

dipl-?

A

twice/double

44
Q

null-?

45
Q

primi-?

46
Q

multi-?

47
Q

bi-?

48
Q

tri-?

49
Q

quad-?

50
Q

tetra-?

51
Q

quint-?

52
Q

sexti-?

53
Q

septi-?

54
Q

oct-?

55
Q

nona-?

56
Q

deca-?

57
Q

semi-?

A

half, partial

ex:
semicircle

58
Q

hemi-?

A

half; one sided

59
Q

ambi-?

60
Q

pan-?

A

all, entire

61
Q

ab-?

62
Q

ad-?

A

to, toward

63
Q

de-?

A

down from, away

64
Q

circum-?

A

around, about

65
Q

peri-?

66
Q

trans-?

A

across, through, beyond

67
Q

epi-?

A

above, upon, on

68
Q

supra-?

A

above, over

69
Q

retro-

70
Q

sub-?

A

under, beneath

71
Q

infra-?

A

below, under

72
Q

para-?

A

near, beside, beyond, apart from

73
Q

contra-?

A

against, opposite

74
Q

octo-?

A

out, outside

75
Q

endo-?

76
Q

extra-?

A

outside in addition

ex:
extroverted

77
Q

intra-?

A

inside, within

78
Q

ipsi-?

79
Q

1°

A

first, first degree, primary

80
Q

2°

A

secondary, second degree

81
Q

↑

A

increase(d)

82
Q

↓

A

decrease(d)

83
Q

®

84
Q

Ⓛ

85
Q

μ

86
Q

α

87
Q

β

88
Q

~

A

approximately

89
Q

N

90
Q

x2

91
Q

/

92
Q

≠

93
Q

>

A

greater than

94
Q

<

95
Q

?

A

questionable

96
Q

Δ

97
Q

♂

98
Q

♀

4N0X1 Unit 3 (3 decks)

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