Lesson 302 IFR Departures Flashcards
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What must an IFR aircraft obtain to maneuver in controlled airspace?
A clearance (permission) to do so.
What does IFR separation rely on compared to VFR separation?
IFR separation relies less on the pilots’ ability to see and be seen as IFR aircraft may operate in poor or no visibility.
What are the conditions to fly IFR?
- The aircraft must carry additional equipment/instruments. 2. The pilot must be certified IFR-rated. 3. The pilot must file an IFR flight plan or flight itinerary. 4. The pilot must fly according to an IFR clearance issued by air traffic control (ATC) when flying in controlled airspace.
What is the minimum equipment required for IFR flight according to CARs 605.18?
- An attitude indicator 2. A vertical speed indicator 3. An outside air temperature gauge 4. A means of preventing malfunction caused by icing for each airspeed indicating system 5. A power failure warning device or vacuum indicator 6. An alternative source of static pressure 7. Sufficient radiocommunication equipment 8. Sufficient radio navigation equipment.
Under what circumstances can a pilot file an IFR flight itinerary instead of an IFR flight plan?
- If the flight is conducted in part or in whole outside controlled airspace. 2. If facilities are inadequate to permit communication of flight plan information.
What happens if a flight plan isn’t filed for a flight between Canada and a foreign state?
No pilot-in-command shall operate an aircraft unless a flight plan has been filed.
What should a pilot do before contacting Ground for an IFR flight?
The pilot should have filed a flight plan with a flight planning agency at least half an hour prior to departure.
How are IFR clearances delivered according to MATS?
- The IFR clearance should be issued verbatim; controllers must relay it by voice verbatim. 2. Clearances may be delivered electronically.
What specific information is included in an IFR clearance?
- Prefix (aircraft ID) 2. Clearance limit 3. SID 4. Route 5. Altitude 6. Speed 7. Departure enroute approach or holding instructions 8. Special instructions or information 9. Traffic information.
What is the structure of a full route IFR clearance?
- Prefix 2. Clearance limit 3. SID 4. Route 5. Altitude 6. Speed 7. Departure enroute approach or holding instructions 8. Special instructions or information 9. Traffic information.
How do you differentiate between clearances instructions and other ATC messages?
By using the appropriate prefix as indicated in the MATS guidelines.
What phraseology is used for issuing an ATC clearance?
Aircraft ID CLEARED.
What should controllers consider when issuing an IFR clearance to departing aircraft?
To issue the IFR clearance before the aircraft begins to taxi and if possible before entering the departure runway.
In what situation might a piston aircraft request an IFR clearance?
Typically just prior to taxiing; however controllers should be aware that requesting a clearance does not mean they’ve completed their runup.
What is the recommended timing for filing a flight plan for IFR operations?
At least half an hour prior to departure.
What is the role of the Towerground controller in coordinating IFR clearance requests?
They may have to coordinate the request with the IFR controller and receive a clearance via the hotline.
What does VFR stand for?
Visual Flight Rules.
What does IFR stand for?
Instrument Flight Rules.
How is an IFR clearance typically structured for communication?
Structured and standardized; controllers must use specific formatting for issuing clearances.
What is one major difference in the operation between IFR and VFR aircraft?
IFR aircraft require more complex equipment for navigation especially in adverse weather conditions.
What does ‘see and be seen’ refer to in the context of flight operations?
It refers to the VFR principle where pilots rely on visual contact with other aircraft and the environment for separation and navigation.
What is the clearance typically referenced in IFR clearances?
The clearance usually references the destination airport or NAVAID serving the IFR approach in use at the time the clearance was issued.
What is right base in the context of VFR clearances?
Right base is also a clearance limit in the VFR world.
What is SID in aviation terminology?
SID stands for Standard Instrument Departure which is an IFR ATC departure procedure published in the CAP for pilot and controller use in graphic and textual form.
What is the purpose of SIDs?
SIDs provide a transition from the terminal to the appropriate enroute structure.
Where can Standard Instrument Departure procedures be found?
Standard Instrument Departure procedures are found in the Canada Air Pilot (CAP) charts.
What are the guidelines an IFR pilot must follow regarding a SID during a communication failure?
It is the pilot’s responsibility to ensure the SID communication failure instructions are operationally acceptable to proceed to the destination airport.
Is a pilot obligated to accept a SID clearance?
No the pilot is not obligated to accept a SID clearance any more than any other clearance.
In case of nearby thunderstorms what can a pilot do regarding a SID?
A pilot may request to cancel the SID and fly an alternate departure to avoid the weather.
What does SID VECTOR identify?
SID VECTOR identifies the procedure as a vector SID.
What does SID PILOT NAV identify?
SID PILOT NAV identifies the procedure as a pilot navigation SID.
What does SID RNAV identify?
SID RNAV identifies the procedure as a performance-based navigation (PBN) SID.
What happens at an aerodrome where a SID is published?
At an aerodrome where a SID is published you may assign a SID and any necessary transition.
How should phraseology for issuing a SID be presented?
Use the format indicated in the MATS chart for SID issuance.
What does the phraseology ‘CLEARED TO THE OTTAWA AIRPORT DEDKI TWO DEPARTURE MIGLO TRANSITION VIA CENTRE-STORED FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE’ signify?
It signifies an IFR clearance issued to a departing aircraft indicating the SID transition and planned route.
What categories of flight plans will you see in an IFR FDE?
Categories include A (ad hoc) C (centre-stored) F (full route clearance) and P (preprinted).
What is indicated if the Route box of the IFR Clearance Issue section is blank?
If the Route box is blank then the previously filed route has not changed and the route to be issued is exactly as flight planned by the pilot.
What phrase can be used as an abbreviation for the previously filed route?
The phrase ‘VIA FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE’ can be used as an abbreviation.
What does the letter ‘C’ signify in the route box of an IFR clearance?
The letter ‘C’ signifies that the route is to be issued exactly as it has been stored with ATC by the airline operators.
What is MATS phraseology for a departure clearance when the route has changed?
When the route has changed you may use the phraseology ‘ROUTING CHANGE changed route clearance FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE’.
What are some examples of departure restrictions from an aerodrome chart?
Example 1: Rwy 17 12 Climb hdg 171 to 2300; Example 2: No left turn below 3700 for Rwy 35.
What term is defined as a straight-line flight between two NAVAIDs fixes points or any combination thereof?
DIRECT is defined as a straight-line flight between two NAVAIDs fixes points or any combination thereof.
What altitude can an IFR controller issue if a SID is not in use?
The IFR controller may issue an intermediate altitude or traffic permitting may issue the final altitude in the initial clearance.
What speed may an IFR controller require an aircraft to maintain?
The IFR controller may need the aircraft to maintain a specific MACH speed when using a Mach number technique for separation.
What instructions should be followed regarding departure runways?
Pilots must follow the departure procedures as published in the CAP before following ATC instructions.
What does a ‘full route clearance’ indicate in the flight plan category?
A ‘full route clearance’ indicates that the aircraft’s originally filed route or centre-stored route differs from that indicated on the flight data strip or display.
How should the IFR controller communicate a change to the flight plan?
The controller should advise the pilot about the change in the flight plan before issuing the clearance.
What is an example of phraseology when advising a pilot about a routing change?
An example is ‘ABC routing change advise ready to copy.’
