Lesson 301 Circuit Operations Flashcards
What does MATS stand for?
MATS stands for Manual of Air Traffic Services.
What is the main aim of controlling the circuit in Lesson 301?
Students will control the circuit incorporating control techniques to facilitate arrivals and departures as well as various circuit operations such as stop-and-go touch-and-go and the option.
Define ‘Touch-and-Go’ as per MATS Tower Glossary.
A procedure in which an aircraft lands and then commences a takeoff without stopping.
Why is it important to understand when an aircraft becomes a departure?
It is very important for both runway and wake turbulence separation.
What are ‘Multiple Touch-and-Gos’?
Multiple touch-and-gos occur when the aircraft lands on the runway multiple times typically only practiced on very long runways.
What is a ‘Stop-and-Go’?
A Stop-and-Go is a procedure in which an aircraft lands makes a complete stop on the runway and then commences a takeoff from that point.
What must you consider before issuing a clearance for a Stop-and-Go?
You must consider time as inbound traffic may not allow for a Stop-and-Go approval and operational advantages.
Give an example of phraseology for an unavailable Stop-and-Go due to traffic.
UNABLE STOP-AND-GO DUE TRAFFIC. CLEARED TOUCH-AND-GO RUNWAY 09.
What is a ‘Low Approach’ according to MATS Tower Glossary?
An approach over an airport or runway following an instrument approach procedure or VFR approach including the overshoot maneuver, where the pilot intentionally does not make contact with the runway.
What must be passed to the aircraft conducting a low approach?
Traffic information must be passed to both the aircraft conducting the low approach and the aircraft or vehicle occupying the runway.
What is required to clear an IFR aircraft for a low approach over an occupied runway?
You must ensure that an altitude restriction of NOT BELOW 1300 ASL (500 AGL) is issued to the pilot.
What is the function of IWP in context to touch-and-go and stop-and-go operations?
IWP is used to manage prime and toggle the NEXT control for circuit operations.
What does ‘The Option’ refer to in aviation operations?
The Option is a maneuver that allows the flight instructor to make a last-minute change to test student pilot skills.
What are some maneuvers that may be performed under ‘The Option’?
ARRIVAL Option
- Touch-and-go
- Stop-and-go
- Low approach
- Missed approach
- Full stop landing
DEPARTURE Option
- Simulated rejected takeoff
- Recuced speed Takeoff
- Simulated enigne failure on Departure
What is the significance of wake turbulence and runway separation in circuit operations?
It’s critical to determine when to classify the aircraft as an arrival or departure to ensure safety and effective traffic management.
What is the landing clearance format as per MATS?
The landing clearance format is: aircraft id unit id special information control instructions wind information CLEARED operation runway id.
What type of traffic information includes details such as runway exit instructions?
Traffic information that includes details such as a runway exit instruction for example MAKE FULL-STOP LANDING EXIT LEAVE VACATE GET OFF VIA taxiway id.
When should wind information be issued to aircraft?
If the wind speed is 15 knots or more issue the wind information when the aircraft is approximately 2 miles from the runway.
What should be done if traffic prevents the issuing of wind information to individual aircraft?
Broadcast the wind information periodically for the benefit of all aircraft on final approach.
What is EO 301.1 regarding circuit operation clearances?
Issue circuit operation clearances to local traffic.
What does ‘SHORTENED’ indicate when used with runway identification?
The use of ‘SHORTENED’ indicates that the runway has been temporarily shortened due to construction and either end of the runway is closed.
Does the use of ‘SHORTENED’ transfer pilot responsibility to the controller?
No the use of ‘SHORTENED’ does not transfer pilot responsibility to the controller.
In what situation might you omit the term ‘SHORTENED’?
In a repetitive operation if the pilot has already received a landing or departure clearance that included ‘SHORTENED’ you may omit the term.
What is the correct phrase for an aircraft to exit right on a specified Taxiway?
EXIT RIGHT ON ALFA.
What should a controller do when an aircraft is on a final approach?
A controller should issue instructions clearly to ensure the safe and orderly flow of traffic.
What is the priority order when controlling as an air traffic controller?
- Safe
- Orderly
- Expeditious.
Why is it important not to contact an aircraft during critical phases of flight?
It is extremely important not to contact an aircraft when arriving or departing as pilots’ workloads increase significantly during these phases.
What should a controller do if an aircraft cannot respond quickly during critical phases?
Only in a potentially hazardous situation should a controller contact and expect an immediate response.
What are speed control adjustments considered during air traffic control?
Speed control adjustments are seen as a means to maintain or slightly increase separation between two aircraft.
What maximum indicated airspeed may a controller assign to pilots?
As an airport controller you may not assign an IAS; you may only ask that the pilots increase/decrease speed as much as practicable.
What is the best practice regarding speed adjustments for aircraft?
Speed adjustments must be seen as a means to maintain or slightly increase separation between two aircraft.
What should you do if a pilot is unable to increase or decrease speed?
You will then have to rely on your plan B.
What is a key aspect of instructing an aircraft to fly runway heading?
Using this technique allows for an extended downwind while potentially allowing the aircraft to turn base closer to the airport.
What technique is used if the aircraft has already turned crosswind but has not yet turned downwind?
Extend crosswind.
What is EO 301.2 about?
Integrate circuit traffic with arrivals and departures.
What does an instruction to ‘REDUCE TO APPROACH SPEED’ signify?
It is a speed adjustment instruction for IFR and VFR aircraft to aid in establishing visual separation.
What should a controller communicate regarding speed if the pilot is not able to adjust it?
The controller should plan for an alternate strategy since pilots may not be able to speed up or slow down as requested.
What should be done if heavy wake turbulence affects operations?
Instruct pilots on the impact of wake turbulence and advise them accordingly.
What considerations should be made regarding a pilot’s speed adjustments on approach?
Pilots of high-performance aircraft prefer to slow down throughout the entire approach thus speed adjustments must be approached cautiously.
What is the significance of the phrase ‘INCREASE REDUCE SPEED AS MUCH AS PRACTICABLE’?
It is an instruction that must be applied cautiously to avoid miscommunication or misunderstanding.
Low Approach
An approach over an airport or runway following an instrument approach
procedure or VFR approach, including the overshoot manoeuvre, where the pilot
intentionally does not make contact with the runway
Where can Conflict emerge in the circuit?
BASE vs FINAL
DOWNWIND vs BASE
CROSSWIND vs DOWNWIND
LEFT BASE vs RIGHT BASE
FAST vs SLOW AIRCRAFT
List the 8 CONTROL TECNIQUES
Speed control
Extend Runway heading
Extend Crosswind
Extend Downwind
360
Cross Overhead to Join Opposite Downwind
Right 270 to Base
Changing Circuit Direction
List the Arrival`s
OPTIONS:
Touch and GO
Stop and GO
Low Approach
Missed Approach
Full stop Landing
To solve future conflict is Preferred to extend Runway Heading rather than Downwind why?
Extending runway heading allows for more options and anticipated planning
What is not a form of separation? `
HOPE
Low Approach Clearance
You MAY clear an aircraft for a Low Approach to a runway whose surface is occupied, provided that an altitude restriction of “NOT BELOW 1300 FEET ASL” (500 AGL) is issued to the pilot and relevant traffic information is passed to both the aircraft in the air and any aircraft/vehicle(s) on the runway
