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APSY 1-1 Understanding The Self > (LESSON 3) The Self as Cognitive Construct > Flashcards

(LESSON 3) The Self as Cognitive Construct Flashcards

1
Q

It is a field of the social sciences that deals with the description, explanation, prediction, and control of behavior

A

Psychology

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Psychology further believes that the world of material things including people exists dependently of the perceiving human mind.

A

FALSE. The world of material things exists INDEPENDENTLY of the human mind.

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3
Q

Mental processes are comprised of three things, which are?

A

1) thoughts (cognition)
2) senses (perception)
3) feelings (emotion)

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4
Q

Choose the correct statement/s. Psychology as a Science is/are:

STATEMENT A: Not the reason behind the behavior, mental processes, or capacity.

STATEMENT B: Analyzing and conducting studies.

STATEMENT C: A systematic method that explains human behavior and mental processes

A

STATEMENT A is the only incorrect statement. Psychology as a Science examines reasons behind the behavior, mental processes, or capacity.

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5
Q

Who said the quote, “The greatest weapon against stress is our ability to choose one thought over another”?

a) Carl Rogers
b) Sigmund Freud
c) William James

A

c) William James

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Sigmund Freud is the Father of American Psychology.

A

FALSE. William James is the Father of American Psychology.

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7
Q

He is known for the “Theory of Self”

a) William James
b) Sigmund Freud
c) Carl Rogers

A

a) William James

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7
Q

He is known for the “Theory of Self”

a) William James
b) Sigmund Freud
c) Carl Rogers

A

a) William James

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8
Q

According to James’s aspects of Self, it is the thinking, acting, and feeling self.

A

I self

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9
Q

It is the physical characteristics as well as psychological capabilities that make who you are.

A

Me self

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10
Q

He was one of the first to use the term client rather than patient.

A

Carl Rogers

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11
Q

Who said the quote, “The curious paradox is that when I accept myself just as I am, then I can change”?

a) Sigmund Freud
b) James Carver
c) Carl Rogers

A

c) Carl Rogers

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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Carl Rogers’ Theory of personality also used the same terms, the “I” as one who acts and decides, while the “me” is what you think or feel about yourself as an object.

A

TRUE

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13
Q

It is composed of one’s personal characteristics, roles, and responsibilities, as well as affiliations

A

Identity

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14
Q

It is basically what comes to your mind when you are asked about yourself.

a) Ideal Self
b) Self-actualization
c) Self-concept

A

c) Self-concept

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15
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Self, identity, and self-concept are fixed.

A

FALSE. The only permanent thing in this world is change and it applies to every human.

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16
Q

It is our own organized system or collection of knowledge about who we are.

A

Self-schema

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17
Q

Current research points to the ______ as the specific area in the brain related to the processes of the self.

A

The frontal lobe of the brain.

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18
Q

He conceptualized the processes, construct, and behavior of the “self” as the results of the interaction between the Id, the Ego, and the Superego.

A

Sigmund Freud

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19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Sigmund Freud said, “Unexpected emotions will never die. They are buried alive and will come forth later in uglier ways.”

A

TRUE

20
Q

He is the Father of Psychoanalysis.

A

Sigmund Freud

21
Q

What are the three levels of consciousness that Freud conceptualized?

A

1) Conscious
2) Preconscious
3) Unconscious

22
Q

It is the structure that is primarily based on the pleasure principle.

A

Id

23
Q

It is the structure that is based on the reality principle.

a) Id
b) Ego
c) Superego

A

b) Ego

24
Q

It primarily dependent on learning the difference between right and wrong.

A

Superego

25
Q

These pertains to genes and hereditary factors; physical appearance, and personality characteristics.

A

Nature

26
Q

These are the environmental variables; childhood experiences; how we were raised; social relationships; and surrounding culture.

A

Nurture

27
Q

They identified two types of self that we can be aware of: Private and Public Self.

A

James Carver and Michael Scheier

28
Q

It is a person’s internal thoughts and feelings.

A

Private Self

29
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Public Self is what a person commonly shows to others, especially for creating a good public image.

A

TRUE

30
Q

Self-awareness also presents us with at least three other self-schemas, which are?

A

1) Actual self
2) Ideal self
3) Ought self

31
Q

It is who we are at the present.

A

Actual Self

32
Q

It is who we like to be, especially in the future.

A

Ideal Self

33
Q

It is who we think we should be in contrast to the actual self.

A

Ought Self

34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Self-awareness can keep you from doing something dangerous.

A

TRUE

35
Q

Self-awareness can be too much that we are concerned about being observed and criticized by others, also known as ________?

A

Self-consciousness

36
Q

It is the loss of individual self-awareness and individual accountability.

A

Deindividuation

37
Q

It is defined as our personal positive or negative perception or evaluation of ourselves.

a) Self-confidence
b) Self-esteem
c) Self-appreciation

A

b) Self-esteem

38
Q

One of the ways in which our social relationship affects our self-esteem is through ________?

A

Social comparison.

39
Q

According to this theory, we learn about ourselves, the appropriateness of our behaviors, as well as our social statuses by comparing aspects of ourselves with other people.

A

Social Comparison Theory

40
Q

What are the two types of comparison?

A

1) Upward social comparison
2) Downward social comparison

41
Q

It happens when an individual compares himself to someone who is in a worse situation than he is especially when he is feeling so low.

A

Downward social comparison

42
Q

It happens when an individual compares himself to others who are better than him.

A

Upward social comparison

43
Q

This theory states that we can feel threatened when someone outperforms us, especially when that person is close to us.

A

Self-evaluation Maintenance Theory

44
Q

What are the three ways on how we react to being outperformed?

A

1) We distance ourselves or redefine our relationship with them

2) We may reconsider the importance of the aspect or skill in which we were outperformed

3) We may also strengthen our resolution to improve that certain aspect of ourselves

45
Q

It is a trait characterized by overly high self-esteem, self-admiration, and self-centeredness.

A

Narcissism

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Narcissists are good romantic partners.

A

FALSE. They engage in relationships only to serve themselves.

47
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Self-esteem has a causality to positive outputs and outlooks on our self-concept.

A

FALSE. It only has correlation. It is not, and should not be, the only source of a person’s healthy perspective of himself/herself.

48
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

People with narcissism are commonly described as outgoing, adventurous, and adaptable in a lot of situations

A

FALSE. It should be people with high self-esteem.

APSY 1-1 Understanding The Self (3 decks)

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