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APSY 1-1 Understanding The Self > (LESSON 2) The Self, Society, and Culture > Flashcards

(LESSON 2) The Self, Society, and Culture Flashcards

1
Q

A common saying in the social sciences, especially in sociology and anthropology.

A

Human beings are, by nature, social beings.

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2
Q

It is defined as a group of people sharing the same culture and typically interacting in a definite territory.

A

Society

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3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Culture is divided into three types.

A

FALSE. Culture is commonly divided into Material and Nonmaterial, which are only two types.

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4
Q

A type of culture that refers to the the belief systems, values, norms, or expected behaviors, as well as the shared language and symbols.

A

Nonmaterial Culture

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5
Q

A type of culture that encompasses attires, tools, weapons, architectural designs, religious implements.

A

Material Culture

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6
Q

Refers to the ideal behaviors or principles that set the standard of what is acceptable and admirable from a person who is part of society.

a) Norms
b) Characteristics
c) Values

A

c) Values

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Norms are rules on what to do or what not to do in a certain situation.

A

True

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Norms are rules on what to do or what not to do in a certain situation.

A

True

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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

In the Philippines, “Pagmamano” is an example of values.

A

FALSE. “Pagmamano” is the norm, while respect or “pagkamagalang” is the value.

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10
Q

These are the sets of ideas, norms, practices, or mechanisms organized and focused on addressing the needs of the community.

A

Social Institutions

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11
Q

A social institution that functions to maintain peace and order, among others.

A

Government

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12
Q

Why do social institutions have a profound effect on our concept of the “self”?

A

Because they basically provide a systematic process of doing things.

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13
Q

It is also called enculturation in Anthropology.

It is a lifelong process of learning, teaching, internalizing, and living the culture of a society.

A

Socialization

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14
Q

It is our position in a society or a particular group.

A

Status

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15
Q

Status can either be ascribed or achieved. Define these terms.

A

Ascribed refers to a status that is inherited or given at birth. While achieved means you acquired that status as a result of personal accomplishment or merit.

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16
Q

A theoretical approach that claims, “our sociocultural context affected who we are.”

A

Theory of Symbolic Interactionism

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17
Q

He claimed that the self is created, developed, and changed through human interaction.

A

George Herbert Mead

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18
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Whether we like to admit it or not, we actually do not need others to affirm and reinforce who we think we are.

A

FALSE. We do need others to affirm and reinforce how we see ourselves. We also need them as reference points for our identity.

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19
Q

Our notion of what is personally important to us is also influenced by ____________?

A

The current trends of what is important in our society.

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20
Q

Which of these are the vital factors in creating our self-concept?

a) Education and Cultural Diversity
b) Social Interaction and Group Affiliation
c) Cultural Beliefs and Emotional Stability

A

b) Social Interaction and Group Affiliation

It especially affects our social identity or our perception of who we are based on our membership in certain groups.

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21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

It is inevitable that we can have several social identities which can overlap, and that we can automatically play the roles as we interact with our groups.

A

TRUE

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22
Q

They argued that the personality or the self is dependent on the cultural practices and socialization process of a certain group.

A

Ruth Benedict and Margaret Mead

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22
Q

They concluded that personal development, especially on gender roles and traits, is not actually based on biological traits.

A

Ruth Benedict (Most of these roles are based on cultural expectations)

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23
Q

He looks at culture as a collection of symbols.

A

Clifford James Geertz

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24
Q

It is a process by which a person develops his self-image based on how others treat him.

A

Looking Glass Self

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25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Clifford suggested that the looking glass self is a life-long mental process.

A

FALSE. It was suggested by Charles Horton Cooley.

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26
Q

Which part of Cooley’s quote refers to how one imagines how he appears to others?

a) I am not who I think I am
b) I am not who you think I am
c) I am who I think you think I am

A

a) I am not who I think I am

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27
Q

Which part of Cooley’s quote refers to how one imagines how others will judge his appearance?

a) I am not who I think I am
b) I am not who you think I am
c) I am who I think you think I am

A

b) I am not who you think I am

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28
Q

Which part of Cooley’s quote refers to how one perceives others’ judgment to be such as pride or shame?

a) I am not who I think I am
b) I am not who you think I am
c) I am who I think you think I am

A

c) I am who I think you think I am

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29
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Looking glass self is an objective process.

A

FALSE. It is a subjective process.

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30
Q

What are the six theoretical approaches?

A

1) Theory of Symbolic Interactionism
2) Culture and Personality
3) Symbolic and Interpretative Anthropology
4) Looking Glass self
5) Dramaturgical Analysis
6) Theory of Cultural Determinism

31
Q

In dramaturgical analysis, Erving Goffman said that people in their everyday life are very much like an _______________?

A

an actor performing on a stage

31
Q

In dramaturgical analysis, Erving Goffman said that people in their everyday life are very much like an _______________?

A

an actor performing on a stage

32
Q

It is the study of social interactions in terms of theatrical performance.

A

Dramaturgical Analysis

33
Q

It states that culture has a strong impact on how the individual views themself.

A

Theory of Cultural Determinism

34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Anthropologists suggest that the right way is always based on one’s culture.

A

TRUE. They also said that there is no universal or right way of being human.

35
Q

It is the most basic social institution of a society that organizes us based on our familial ties.

A

Kinship/Family

36
Q

These systems aim to regulate the flow of resources and services. They also regulate the price of the products to ensure fair competition among producers and sellers.

A

Economics/Market

37
Q

This is usually composed of various organizations ensuring peace and order by legitimizing the use of the power of certain people or groups.

A

Politics/Government

38
Q

What are the three equal branches of the Philippine Government?

A

1) executive
2) legislative
3) judiciary

39
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

The Executive branch provides proper interpretation of the laws and ensure that they are following the Constitution and basic human rights.

A

FALSE. It is the role of Judiciary branch.

40
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Legislative is headed by the president and who is in charge of enforcing the law.

A

FALSE. The definition pertains to the Executive branch.

41
Q

It is composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate of the Philippines who are in charge of creating, amending, or repealing those laws.

A

Legislative

42
Q

Its basic function is to ensure that the knowledge of the past and the culture of society gets transmitted from one generation to another.

A

Education/School

43
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Education is actually a mechanistic way of producing workers

A

Sometimes TRUE, but one must also consider that education has also played in bringing new ideas that changed what has been oppressive status quos in the past.

44
Q

It is an organized set of practices, symbols, and artifacts regarding the belief in the supernatural.

A

Religion/Church

45
Q

There are several reasons why people believe in the supernatural:

1) meaning and purpose of life
2) continuity of relationship with the people that we care about even after death among others

What is the third reason?

A

3) explanation of the unexplainable

46
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

The Philippines is a Catholic country so our notion of supernatural and mythical beings is not a very prominent part of our lives,

A

FALSE. It is a very prominent part of our lives, especially for those Filipinos who live in the countryside.

47
Q

It is a being that is better and more powerful than any creature in the natural world.

A

Supernatural being

48
Q

It includes all that cannot be explained by the law of nature.

A

Supernatural or above natural

49
Q

It can also function to teach and reinforce values, norms, and morals in partnership with the family and the school.

A

Religion/Church

50
Q

Who pointed out that a person can still choose what to adapt, reject or change.

A

Clifford James Geertz

51
Q

It is a result of the interaction and discourse between a person and society.

A

The self (or our identity)

52
Q

It refers to technological devices that reach a large number of people.

A

Mass Media

53
Q

It refers to computer-based technology that allows users to create and distribute information as well as participate in social networking.

A

Social Media

54
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Social media has a tendency to punishment use.

A

FALSE. It has a tendency to REINFORCE use.

55
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Using social media sometimes activates the brain’s reward center by releasing dopamine, also known as the feel-good chemical.

A

TRUE

56
Q

Statement A: Social media can boost self-esteem.

Statement B: Social media allows some people to share parts of their identity.

a) Only Statement A is correct
b) Only Statement B is correct
c) Both statements are correct
d) Both statements are incorrect

A

c) Both statements are correct

57
Q

It refers to a positive outcome that is meaningful for people and for many sectors of society because it tells us that people perceive that their lives are going well.

A

Well-being

58
Q

It is an organized system of social relationships for satisfying the human desire for enter­tainment, amusement, and play among others.

A

Recreation

59
Q

The process of participation, or as the emotional state derived from involvement.

a) Leisure
b) Recreation
c) Hobby

A

b) Recreation

60
Q

It refers to the free time that people can spend away from their everyday responsibilities.

A

Leisure

61
Q

One of the founders of symbolic or interpretative anthropology.

A

Clifford Geertz

62
Q

This was an approach to culture that was very similar to analysis of literature and art.

A

Symbolic or Interpretative Anthropology

63
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Geertz was famous for his writing style.

A

TRUE

64
Q

According to him, people in their everyday life are very much like an actor performing in a stage.

A

Erving Goffman

65
Q

Goffman referred to this process of altering how the person presents himself to others as _____?

A

Impression Management

66
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Goffman wrote how he observed that people who are early in social interactions learned to “alter” their presentation of themselves.

A

FALSE. The word should be “slant” instead of alter. People do this in order to create preferred appearances and satisfy particular people.

67
Q

Goffman labeled the similarities of real interaction to a theatrical presentation as _______?

A

Dramaturgical Approach

68
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Goffman used the phrase face-work to describe another aspect of the self.

A

TRUE

69
Q

The central theme of Goffman’s work is that we are all actors within the Social World. What are we labeled as or what did we engage ourselves to affect others?

A

We are called “Fakers” and we are engaged in a “Con Job”

70
Q

He argues that the self is simply nothing more than “Self Presentations” and “Role Performances”

A

Erving Goffman (Dramaturgical Analysis)

71
Q

The concept of depicting social life as a Theatre developed the term?

A

Dramaturgy

72
Q

It is described as a group of people’s way of life which includes behaviors, values, beliefs and symbols that they accept (usually unconsciously) that are socially transmitted through communication and imitation from generation to generation.

A

Culture

73
Q

TRUE OR FALSE?

Society and Culture coexist and are interdependent with each other.

A

TRUE

74
Q

It was also Goffman, who used the phrase _______ to describe another aspect of the self.

A

face-work

APSY 1-1 Understanding The Self (3 decks)

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