Lesson 3 - Physicochemical properties of the cell Flashcards
Substance move across a cell membrane without energy by the cell
Passive Transport
Passive Transport
transport that is not ATP driven, high to low concentration
Types of passive transport
Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion
Osmosis, types of solution
Isotonic, Hypotonic, Hypertonic
Diffusion
net movement of particles along a concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Osmosis
net movement of water by diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane
Isotonic
equal rate movement of water molecules in and out of the cell
Hypotonic
Outside solute concentration is lower than the inside solute concentration
Water moves into the cell
Hypotonic
Hypotonic ____
swells
Hypertonic
Outside solute concentration is higher than the inside solute concentration
Water moves out of the cell
Hypertonic
Hypertonic _______/______
plasmolyzed/shrinks
Facilitated Diffusion
Uses transport protein to move to high to low concentration
Molecules move through a transport protein but now uses energy to move against their concentration gradient
Active transport
Active tranport
ATP driven, requires energy, low to high
Types of active transport
Primary active transport and Secondary active transport
Primary Active Transport
directly use energy
Example of primary active transport
sodium potassium pump moves sodium ion, using the energy of ATP hydrolysis to establish a concentration gradient
Secondary Active Transport
does not directly use ATP, relies on the energy stored in the form of ion gradient created by the PAT
Bulk transport is also known as
Vesicle transport
Bulk transport
movement of large quantities of material into or out of cells using membrane-bound vesicle
Types of bulk transport
Endocytosis and exocytosis
Endocytosis
engulf extracellular material/going inside
Types of endocytosis
Phagocytosis, Pinocytosis, Receptor
Cell eating
Phagocytosis
Cell drinking
Pinocytosis
Receptor
takes in molecules that bind to receptors on the cell surface
Exocytosis
Expel extracellular materials into extracellular space/going outside
Which specimen diffused father?
Potassium permanganate, due to its smaller molecular size
How does the molecular weight of congo red, safranin and potassium permanganate
affect the rate of diffusion?
If a molecule has a lower molecular weight, less effort to move through. If larger molecular weight, more resistance due to its size and slow down the rate of diffusion
