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Security Foundations - D481 > Lesson 3 - Network and Transport Layers > Flashcards

Lesson 3 - Network and Transport Layers Flashcards

1
Q

What Layer does the IP Protocol Operate

A

Layer 3 - Network/Internet

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2
Q

What layer does the Transmission Control and User Datagram Protocol reside

A

Layer 4 - Transmit

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3
Q

Describe TCP and UDP and their key dfferences

A

TCP is a reliable end-to end communication channel for IP packets and guarantees delivery

UDP is a datagram delivery service with best effort delivery

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4
Q

Name Several Protocols operating at Level 3 - Network

A

Internet Protocol (IP)
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Internet Protocol Security Suite (IPSec/VPN)
AppleTalk

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5
Q

What is the key purpose of Layer 4 Transport

A

to provide a transparent and reliable data transfer between computers

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6
Q

Which protocols operate at Transport Layer

A

TCP
UDP
Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP

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7
Q

What is IP’s primary services

A

Packet Routing.
protocol relies solely on the network address to determine each packet’s next logical step

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8
Q

The process of adding the IP header data is called _______

A

Encapsulation

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9
Q

True of False - IP has centralized management

A

False

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10
Q

True of False - IP provides automatic notification of lost packets

A

False - this is the decentralized and dynamic approach to IP. Upper layers handle lost packets. this is based on original DOD requirements

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11
Q

Which IP (v4 or V6) uses Checksums

A

IP V4. V6 relies on upper layer to increase performance

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12
Q

What Base Numbering System do MAC Addressed us

A

16 Base Numbering or Hexadecimal (Hex)

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13
Q

How many Bits are in MAC Address

A

48 with first 24 assigned to vendor and 24 for the unique identifier

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14
Q

How many unique IPv4 addresses

A

4.2 billion

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15
Q

IP v4 is based on how many bits

A

32

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16
Q

How many classes of IP v4

A

4 Classes
Class A - 255.0.0.0 (bits)
Class B - 255.255.0.0m (16 bits)
Class C - 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)
Class D -Multicast

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17
Q

Loop Back Address is _______

A

127.0.0.1
also considered a reserved address and is class A

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18
Q

Subnetting Provides

A

Security
Organization

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19
Q

What are the RFC Private Addresses

A

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
169.254.0.0 auto assigned if no address is assigned for given out from DHCP

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20
Q

How many IP v6 uses how many bits and how are they expressed

A

128 Bits
8 Groups of 4 Hex

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21
Q

What is SLAC and what is link local address

A

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration
fe80::/64
Loopback

22
Q

How many IP addresses for IPV4 and IPV6

A

4.2Billion vs 340 undecillion

23
Q

What is the name of the organization responsible for coordinating IP address resources around the world

A

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

Bonus - IPV4 address was exhausted on Feb 3, 2011

24
Q

What organization promotes and published IPV4 and other standards

A

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

Bonus - RFC 791 contains the complete specs for IPV4

25
What what new architecture replaced classful architecture and what do they use for sub masking
Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM)
26
What is the process of finding an IP address for a host name called
Address Resolution
27
What is Port Address Translation
Sharing of a single Public or External with internal IP
28
Besides the primary motivation of increasing network address space what other improvements of IPV6 vs IPV5
NAT is no longer needed with that many addresses Simplifying renumbering networks Standardizing the host identification Integrating Network Security Defining Multicast
29
What are 2 rules for abbreviating IPV6
You may omit any leading zeros within any group of hexadecimal digits You may replace only one grouping of two or more consecutive groupings of zeros in an address with a double colon
30
True of False IPV6 supports sending broadcast-type packets similar to IPV4
False
31
What are the 3 IPV6 Network Methodologies
Unicast - sending packets to single destination Anycast - sending a packet to the nearest node in a specified group Multicast - sending a packet to multiple destinations
32
True or False the higher the CIDR notation the less nodes available
True
33
How many bits make up a nibble
4
34
True or False - TCP/IP has security built into the protocol
False - all data is sent in plain text
35
What service in IPV6 is the equivalent to ARP in IPV4
Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)
36
IP only support connection-oriented protocols - T or F
False Layered networking supports both connection based and connection less.
37
List Key advantages to a Connection Oriented Protocol such as TCP
Reliability More efficient and faster once setup
38
List Key advantages of a Connectionless oriented such as UDP
Less work to setup and maintain
39
Compare TCP and UDP on when they are best used
TCP for client to server transactions UDP simple requests to servers
40
What does Ping ::1 Represent in IPv6
The loop back address
41
What is the 3-1-4 Rule in IPV6
First 3 Hextets (48 bits) are reserved for Global Routing Fourth Hextet is reservered for Subnet ID The last 4 are reserved for Interfaced ID
42
How many subnets would a 16bit Interface ID provide
65,536
43
What is the range of Dynamic Ports
49152-65535
44
What is the range of System or Well known ports
0=1023
45
True of False the Network Layer Address is the same as the MAC Address.
False Network Layer Address is a layer 3 structure address that defines both network number and a host number
46
True or False - IP is a decentralized network and that is by design
True Wanted to withstand enemy attacks
47
What is the main purpose of CIDR
To define larger or smaller networks and give more flexibility to IPv4 into subnets
48
What is the term for the sharing of the Public IP Address for internal IP's
Port Address Translation (PAT)
49
Name some Common UDP Protocols
ICMP DNS TFTP SNMP
50
IPv4 was defined by what RFC
RFC 791
51
A /8 is a what Class A /16 is what Class A /24 is what Class
A B C
52
What is APIPA and what does an address of 169.254.0.0/16
DHCP Problem

Security Foundations - D481 (5 decks)

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