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GE 11 - Intro to Environmental Science > Lesson 3: Evolution and Biodiversity > Flashcards

Lesson 3: Evolution and Biodiversity Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How old is the earth

A

4.5 Billion Years ago

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2
Q

When did life appear on earth?

A

3.8 Billion Years ago

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3
Q

Single-celled organisms

A

Prokaryotes

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4
Q

Cells with a nucleus

A

Eukaryotes

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5
Q

It is the change in genetic makeup over time and is the explanation of how animals adapted and survived

A

Evolution

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6
Q

Timeline Evolution

A

Birth of the Earth
Oldest Rocks
Prokaryotes appeared
Eukaryotes
Plants
Dinosaurs
Mammals
Extinction
Humans

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7
Q

It is long term and large scale changes over time

A

Macroevolution

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8
Q

These are small genetic changes

A

Microevolution

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9
Q

Refers to all genes in a population

A

Gene Pool

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10
Q

These are random changes in DNA

A

Mutation

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11
Q

Natural Selection happens when

A

Genetic variability in the population
Trait is heritable
Differential Reproduction
Adaptive

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12
Q

It is the role of an organism in an ecosystem

A

Ecological Niche

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13
Q

It refers to the physical location

A

Habitat

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14
Q

The stratification of niches allows

A

Coexistence and Biodiversity

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15
Q

Organism Classification

A

Generalist Species
Specialist Species

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16
Q

These species occupy different habitats

A

Generalist Species

17
Q

These species occupy a specific area

A

Specialist Species

18
Q

What environments favor specialists

A

Consistent Environments

19
Q

What environments favor generalists

A

Rapidly changing environments

20
Q

These are sharp changes that species must evolve to adapt

A

Extinction

21
Q

Extinction at a slow rate

A

Background Extinction

22
Q

Extinction that happens at a rapid and fast rate

A

Mass Extinction

23
Q

Extinction that happens at a rapid rate faster than Mass Extinction

A

Mass Depletion

24
Q

Happens after a mass extinction wherein new species evolve to new niches

A

Adaptive Radiation

25
Q

Humans Impact on Evolution

A

Artificial Selection
Genetic Engineering

26
Q

It is the act of artificially selecting superior genetic traits

A

Artificial Selectiom

27
Q

It is the act of splicing genes

A

Genetic Engineering

28
Q

Two factors in Vegetation

A

Precipitation and Temperature

29
Q

Aquatic Life Zones

A

Coastal Zones
Open Oceans
Estuaries
Coral Reefs
Mangrove Forests

30
Q

It is an aquatic life zone wherein 90% of the marine species exists

A

Coastal Zone

31
Q

It is an aquatic life zone where it comprises 90% of the Ocean Area

A

Open Ocean

32
Q

It is the aquatic life zone where the rivers and the ocean meet

A

Estuaries

33
Q

It is the zone in the ocean where sun reaches the water just enough for photosynthesis to occur

A

Euphotic Zone

34
Q

It is the zone in the ocean where the sun cannot reach the water enough thus plunging this area in perpetual darkness

A

Abyssal Zone

35
Q

Two types of Lakes

A

Eutrophic
Oligotrophic

GE 11 - Intro to Environmental Science (6 decks)

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