Lesson 3: Evolution and Biodiversity Flashcards
How old is the earth
4.5 Billion Years ago
When did life appear on earth?
3.8 Billion Years ago
Single-celled organisms
Prokaryotes
Cells with a nucleus
Eukaryotes
It is the change in genetic makeup over time and is the explanation of how animals adapted and survived
Evolution
Timeline Evolution
Birth of the Earth
Oldest Rocks
Prokaryotes appeared
Eukaryotes
Plants
Dinosaurs
Mammals
Extinction
Humans
It is long term and large scale changes over time
Macroevolution
These are small genetic changes
Microevolution
Refers to all genes in a population
Gene Pool
These are random changes in DNA
Mutation
Natural Selection happens when
Genetic variability in the population
Trait is heritable
Differential Reproduction
Adaptive
It is the role of an organism in an ecosystem
Ecological Niche
It refers to the physical location
Habitat
The stratification of niches allows
Coexistence and Biodiversity
Organism Classification
Generalist Species
Specialist Species
These species occupy different habitats
Generalist Species
These species occupy a specific area
Specialist Species
What environments favor specialists
Consistent Environments
What environments favor generalists
Rapidly changing environments
These are sharp changes that species must evolve to adapt
Extinction
Extinction at a slow rate
Background Extinction
Extinction that happens at a rapid and fast rate
Mass Extinction
Extinction that happens at a rapid rate faster than Mass Extinction
Mass Depletion
Happens after a mass extinction wherein new species evolve to new niches
Adaptive Radiation
Humans Impact on Evolution
Artificial Selection
Genetic Engineering
It is the act of artificially selecting superior genetic traits
Artificial Selectiom
It is the act of splicing genes
Genetic Engineering
Two factors in Vegetation
Precipitation and Temperature
Aquatic Life Zones
Coastal Zones
Open Oceans
Estuaries
Coral Reefs
Mangrove Forests
It is an aquatic life zone wherein 90% of the marine species exists
Coastal Zone
It is an aquatic life zone where it comprises 90% of the Ocean Area
Open Ocean
It is the aquatic life zone where the rivers and the ocean meet
Estuaries
It is the zone in the ocean where sun reaches the water just enough for photosynthesis to occur
Euphotic Zone
It is the zone in the ocean where the sun cannot reach the water enough thus plunging this area in perpetual darkness
Abyssal Zone
Two types of Lakes
Eutrophic
Oligotrophic
