Lesson 3 (chapter 16) Flashcards
treatment or therapy
systematic procedures designed to change abnormal behaviour into more normal behaviour
psychotherapy
a treatment system in which a client and therapist use words and acts to overcome the clients psychological difficulties
biological therapy
the use of physical and chemical procedures to help people overcome psychological difficulties
psychotropic drugs
medications that act primarily on the brain
antipsychotic drugs
psychotropic drugs that help correct grossly confused or distorted thinking
mood stabilising drugs
psychotropic drug that helps stabilize the moods of people suffering from bipolar disorder
anti anxiety drugs
psychotropic drugs that reduce tension and anxiety
placebo
an inactive substance, such as sugar pill or distilled water, that mimics a drug but has not active ingredients
vagus nerve stimulation
a procedure in which an implanted device sends electrical signals to the brain though the vagus nerve; used to treat severe depression
tms
a procedure in which an electromagnetic coil placed on or above a persons head sends a current into the prefrontal cortex; used to treat severe depression
psychosurgery
brain surgery often used in hopes of releasing abnormal functioning
trephining
prehistoric practice of chipping a hole in the skull as treatment for various brain conditions
lobotomy
surgical practice of cutting the connections between the frontal lobe and the lower centres to the brain
deep brain stimulation
a procedure in which implemented electrodes deliver constant low stimulation to a small area of the brain; used t o treat depression, Parkinson’s, and epilepsy
free association
psychodynamic theory technique of allowing client to freely talk about whatever they want
resistance
practice in which clients encounter a block in their free association or change the subject to avoid painful discussion
transference
process through which clients come to act and feel towards the therapist as they did towards important figures in their childhood
catharsis
reliving of past repressed feelings as a means of settling internal conflicts and overcoming problems
relational psychoanalytic therapy
a school of psychodynamic therapy holding that therapists should work to form more equal relationships with clients
aversion therapy
therapy designed to help clients to acquire anxiety responses to stimulus that the clients have been finding too attractive
token economy
operant conditioning therapy program in which participants receive tokens that can be traded for rewards when they display desired behaviours
social skills training
behavioural therapy technique in which therapists serve as models and teachers to help clients acquire desired social behaviours
rational emotive behavioural therapy
Ellis’s therapy technique designed to help clients discover and change the irrational assumptions that govern their emotions, behaviours, and thinking
cognitive therapy
Beck’s cognitive therapy technique designed to help clients recognise and change their dysfunctional thoughts and ways of thinking
client centered therapy
humanistic therapy designed to help clients experience unconditional positive regard and looks at themselves honestly and acceptingly
individual therapy
psychotherapy format in which the therapist sees the client alone; the oldest of the modern formats
group therapy
psychotherapy format in which the therapist sees several clients at the same time
self help groups
groups consisting of people who have similar problems and come together to help and support one another without the direct leadership of professional clinician
family therapy
a format in which therapist meet with all members of a family to help the whole family change
couple therapy or relationship counselling
therapy format in which a therapist works works two people who are in a longterm relationship
community mental health treatment
treatment programs that emphasises community care, including an emphasis on prevention
therapy outcome status
research that looks at the effects of various treatments
culture sensitive therapies
approaches that seek to address the unique issues faced by members of cultural minority groups
gender sensitive or feminist therapies
approaches that seek to address the unique pressures of being female
empirically supported or evidence based treatment movement
movement to help clinicians become more familiar with and apply research findings concerning the effectiveness of particular treatments
