Lesson 3 (chapter 16)

Question 1

treatment or therapy

Answer 1

systematic procedures designed to change abnormal behaviour into more normal behaviour

Question 2

psychotherapy

Answer 2

a treatment system in which a client and therapist use words and acts to overcome the clients psychological difficulties

Question 3

biological therapy

Answer 3

the use of physical and chemical procedures to help people overcome psychological difficulties

Question 4

psychotropic drugs

Answer 4

medications that act primarily on the brain

Question 5

antipsychotic drugs

Answer 5

psychotropic drugs that help correct grossly confused or distorted thinking

Question 6

mood stabilising drugs

Answer 6

psychotropic drug that helps stabilize the moods of people suffering from bipolar disorder

Question 7

anti anxiety drugs

Answer 7

psychotropic drugs that reduce tension and anxiety

Question 8

placebo

Answer 8

an inactive substance, such as sugar pill or distilled water, that mimics a drug but has not active ingredients

Question 9

vagus nerve stimulation

Answer 9

a procedure in which an implanted device sends electrical signals to the brain though the vagus nerve; used to treat severe depression

Question 10

tms

Answer 10

a procedure in which an electromagnetic coil placed on or above a persons head sends a current into the prefrontal cortex; used to treat severe depression

Question 11

psychosurgery

Answer 11

brain surgery often used in hopes of releasing abnormal functioning

Question 12

trephining

Answer 12

prehistoric practice of chipping a hole in the skull as treatment for various brain conditions

Question 13

lobotomy

Answer 13

surgical practice of cutting the connections between the frontal lobe and the lower centres to the brain

Question 14

deep brain stimulation

Answer 14

a procedure in which implemented electrodes deliver constant low stimulation to a small area of the brain; used t o treat depression, Parkinson’s, and epilepsy

Question 15

free association

Answer 15

psychodynamic theory technique of allowing client to freely talk about whatever they want

Question 16

resistance

Answer 16

practice in which clients encounter a block in their free association or change the subject to avoid painful discussion

Question 17

transference

Answer 17

process through which clients come to act and feel towards the therapist as they did towards important figures in their childhood

Question 18

catharsis

Answer 18

reliving of past repressed feelings as a means of settling internal conflicts and overcoming problems

Question 19

relational psychoanalytic therapy

Answer 19

a school of psychodynamic therapy holding that therapists should work to form more equal relationships with clients

Question 20

aversion therapy

Answer 20

therapy designed to help clients to acquire anxiety responses to stimulus that the clients have been finding too attractive

Question 21

token economy

Answer 21

operant conditioning therapy program in which participants receive tokens that can be traded for rewards when they display desired behaviours

Question 22

social skills training

Answer 22

behavioural therapy technique in which therapists serve as models and teachers to help clients acquire desired social behaviours

Question 23

rational emotive behavioural therapy

Answer 23

Ellis’s therapy technique designed to help clients discover and change the irrational assumptions that govern their emotions, behaviours, and thinking

Question 24

cognitive therapy

Answer 24

Beck’s cognitive therapy technique designed to help clients recognise and change their dysfunctional thoughts and ways of thinking

Question 25

client centered therapy

Answer 25

humanistic therapy designed to help clients experience unconditional positive regard and looks at themselves honestly and acceptingly

Question 26

individual therapy

Answer 26

psychotherapy format in which the therapist sees the client alone; the oldest of the modern formats

Question 27

group therapy

Answer 27

psychotherapy format in which the therapist sees several clients at the same time

Question 28

self help groups

Answer 28

groups consisting of people who have similar problems and come together to help and support one another without the direct leadership of professional clinician

Question 29

family therapy

Answer 29

a format in which therapist meet with all members of a family to help the whole family change

Question 30

couple therapy or relationship counselling

Answer 30

therapy format in which a therapist works works two people who are in a longterm relationship

Question 31

community mental health treatment

Answer 31

treatment programs that emphasises community care, including an emphasis on prevention

Question 32

therapy outcome status

Answer 32

research that looks at the effects of various treatments

Question 33

culture sensitive therapies

Answer 33

approaches that seek to address the unique issues faced by members of cultural minority groups

Question 34

gender sensitive or feminist therapies

Answer 34

approaches that seek to address the unique pressures of being female

Question 35

empirically supported or evidence based treatment movement

Answer 35

movement to help clinicians become more familiar with and apply research findings concerning the effectiveness of particular treatments