Lesson 3-5

Question 1

Extension

Answer 1

The sum of all the things described by the term.

(More abstract)

Question 2

Intension

Answer 2

The sum of all the common attributes of the term.

(More concrete)

Question 3

Defining by synonym

Answer 3

Rules
1:Use an easily understood word that’s unambiguous
2:Explain any differences between the term and its synonym

Question 4

Defining by example

Answer 4

Demonstration, being given or shown the thing to which the term applies
Listing species of the term

Question 5

Defining by genus and difference

Answer 5

Ex. A pentagon is a five sided polygon
Difference genus
Ex. Logic is the science of reasoning.
Genus Difference

Question 6

Rules for defining by genus and difference

Answer 6

1.a definition should state the essential attributes of the term
.state the characteristics are qualities that make the term what it is
. As opposed to the accidental attributes
.avoid redundancy

Question 7

2nd rule

Answer 7

The definition should not be circular
. Don’t use the word being defined in the definition
. Sometimes part of the term can be used
. Don’t use synonyms and genus and difference definitions

Question 8

3rd rule

Answer 8

Too broad when it includes what it should exclude
Too narrow when excludes what it should include
The extension of the term and its definition should be the same

Question 9

4th rule

Answer 9

A definition should not be unclear or figurative
. Ambiguous
. Vague
. Obscure
. can’t be poetic or metaphorical

Question 10

5th

Answer 10

a definition should be stated positively, if possible
. state with the thing is not what it isn’t
. Some terms are necessarily negative

Question 11

6th

Answer 11

A definition should be the same part of speech as the term
. if the term is a verb, the definition must be a verb