Lesson 3 Flashcards
A special machine that performs task, such as calculations, data processing, and handling
Computer
Computer is under the control of a set of instructions
Program
It usually reside within a computer and are retrieved and processed by the computer’s electronics
Program
A microprocessor chip that is a single piece of silicon containing millions of tiny microscopically wired electrical components
CPU / Central Processing Unit
Information is stored in a CPU memory location
Register
Thought as the CPUS tiny scratchpad, temporarily storing instructions or data
Register
It keeps track of which program instructions comes next by maintaining memory location
Program counter
Determines what the instruction will do
Decoder
The entire sequence of steps is called an
Instruction Cycle
Four Main Functions of a Computer
Accepts data
Processes data
Produces output
Stores results
A device that are both output and input
Touchscreen
Example of a 3d printer
Cloud printer
Example of impact printer
Dot matrix printer
A volatile; stores current data and programs; the more of it, the faster system
RAM
Meaning of RAM
Random Access Memory
A memory device:
Permanent storage of program; hold the computer boot directons
ROM / Read Only Memory
ROM means
Read Only Memory
Example of memory device
RAM
ROM
It holds data and program permanently; different from RAM
Storage Device
Floppy and hard drive
Magnetic Storage
Uses a magnet to access data
Magnetic Storage
This storage example is CD and DVD drives
Optical Drives
Uses a laser to access a data
Optical storage
Vary enormously in their computational power, speed, memory, and physical size.
Programmable computers
Small computers tha can be held in one hand are called
PDA / personal digital assistants
An example of small computer
Hand held game devices
These are used in businesses and at homes to communicate in computer networks, for processing, to track finances, and for entertainment
Portable laptop, netbook, desktop pc
Have more memory, speed and capabilities than workstations and usually shared by multiple users through a seried of interconnected computers
Mainframe computers
They are used to control businesses and industrial facilities and are used for scientific research
Mainframe computers
What are the types of computers
Digital
Analog
It refers to the processes in computers that manipulate binary numbers (0s or 1s) which represent the switches that are turned on or off by electrical current
Digital
It refers to circuits or numerical values that have a continuous range
Analog
What type of computer:
Both 0 and 1 can be represented by _____ but so can 0.5, 1.5 or pi (3.14)
Analog
What type of computer:
A bit can have the value 0 or the value 1 but nothing in between 0 and 1
Digital
