Lesson 3

Question 1

Devonian Period?

Answer 1

Some of the first reptiles that walked on land and the first insect.

Question 2

Metamorphosis?

Answer 2

The transition between larval and adult stages.

Question 3

Sarcopterygian?

Answer 3

They lead to the lung fish

Question 4

Paedomorphosis?

Answer 4

When juvenile characteristics is still present in the adult form.

Question 5

When did the first tetrapods begin to appear?

Answer 5

In the end of the Devonian period.

Question 6

Temnosopondyl branched off to?

Answer 6

Amphibia (amphibians).

Question 7

When did the three major groups of lissamphibians originate?

Answer 7

Permian period.

Question 8

The common ancestor of frogs and salamanders?

Answer 8

Gerobatrachus hottoni.

Question 9

Amniota?

Answer 9

A group of tetrapods with an amniotic egg (like a bird egg).

Question 10

Therapsids?

Answer 10

Mammal-like reptiles

Question 11

What period was the diversification of jaws and food sources?

Answer 11

The Permian period.

Question 12

Synapsida led to?

Answer 12

Mammals (amniota)

Question 13

Anapsid?

Answer 13

Without a temporal opening.

Question 14

Diapsids?

Answer 14

Two temporal openings.

Question 15

Synapsids?

Answer 15

One temporal opening.

Question 16

Squamata?

Answer 16

Three major suborders that includes snakes (Serpentes), lizards (Lacertilia), and worm lizards ().

Question 17

Tuatara?

Answer 17

A separate order of Lepidosauria

Question 18

Archaeopteryx’s is the?

Answer 18

Ancestor of birds.

Question 19

What are the two theory for the origin of birds?

Answer 19

•Birds evolved from the Thecodont Reptiles
•Birds evolved from the Theropod Dinosaurs

Question 20

Arboreal flight hypothesis?

Answer 20

From gliding to powered flight.

Question 21

When did the major groups of modern birds evolved? (2•)

Answer 21

In the •Cretaceous or in the •tertiary.

Question 22

Neognathae?

Answer 22

They are composed of neoaves and galloanseres.

Question 23

What major groups survived the mass extinction?

Question 24

Cenozoic?

Answer 24

After the extinction of the dinosaurs.

Question 25

What happened in the Cenozoic? (•6)

Answer 25

•Paleocene (65-55 million years ago): Many modern orders of birds appear.
•Eocene (55-36 MYA): time of greatest diversification of birds.
•Oligocene (36-23 MYA): passeriformes evolve and diversify, and nearly all nonpasserine birds are present.
•Pilocene (5.2-1.7 MYA): birds reach maximum species diversity.
•Pleistocene (1.7-0.01 MYA): time of repeated glaciation. Many extinctions occur.
•Holocene (10000 years): high extinction rate of birds

Question 26

Paleognathae?

Answer 26

Includes ostriches, kiwis, reas, and more.