Lesson 25.2 Central Nervous System Flashcards
The _______________ is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
central nervous system
central nervous system
The central nervous system is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
Main functions of the central nervous system
○ control actions and thoughts
○ interpret stimuli
○ memory
It is an organ that occupies the inside of the skull. It is the functional center of the nervous system.
The Brain
The Brain
It is an organ that occupies the inside of the skull. It is the functional center of the nervous system.
The brain is subdivided into four parts
brain stem, cerebrum, cerebellum, and diencephalon.
Cerebrum is divided into lobes
○Frontal lobe
○Temporal lobe
○Parietal lobe
○Occipital lobe
__________ is responsible for motor skills, cognition, and reasoning.
Frontal lobe (Cerebrum)
Frontal lobe
is responsible for motor skills, cognition, and reasoning. (Cerebrum)
Parietal lobe
is responsible for touch and processing of sensory signals. (Cerebrum)
___________ is responsible for touch and processing of sensory signals.
Parietal lobe (Cerebrum)
____________ is associated with hearing, memory, and speech.
Temporal lobe (Cerebrum)
Temporal lobe
is associated with hearing, memory, and speech (Cerebrum)
_____________ interprets visuals and colors.
Occipital lobe (Cerebrum)
Occipital lobe
interprets visuals and colors. (Cerebrum)
_________ is divided into left and right hemispheres by the __________. Right hemisphere controls the left side of the body; left hemisphere controls the right side of the body.
Cerebrum, corpus callosum
The ______________ is located at the frontal lobe’s dorsal side. This is in charge of planning and generating movements.
primary motor cortex (Cerebrum)
primary motor cortex
is located at the frontal lobe’s dorsal side. This is in charge of planning and generating movements. (Cerebrum)
The ______________________ is located at the postcentral gyrus. This is in charge of receiving sensory inputs from the body.
primary somatosensory cortex (Cerebrum)
primary somatosensory cortex
is located at the postcentral gyrus. This is in charge of receiving sensory inputs from the body. (Cerebrum)
It consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and the mesencephalon, and it is structurally continuous with the spinal cord.
Brain Stem
Brain Stem
It consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and the mesencephalon, and it is structurally continuous with the spinal cord.
controls involuntary activities of various internal organs. Like breathing, heartbeat, cardiovascular functions, and digestion.
Medulla oblongata (Brain Stem)
Medulla oblongata
controls involuntary activities of various internal organs. like breathing, heartbeat, cardiovascular functions, and digestion. (Brain Stem)
_______________ or midbrain contains nerve paths that connect the cerebral hemispheres with the medulla oblongata.
Mesencephalon (Brain Stem)
Mesencephalon
Mesencephalon or midbrain contains nerve paths that connect the cerebral hemispheres with the medulla oblongata. (Brain Stem)
_____________________ is a group of nuclei and is scattered along the brainstem. It regulates sleep, formation of sensory habits, controls motor actions and pain.
Reticular formation (Brain Stem)
Reticular formation
is a group of nuclei and is scattered along the brainstem. It regulates sleep, formation of sensory habits, controls motor actions and pain. (Brain Stem)
This is second largest part of the brain found behind the cerebrum. It is responsible for fine-tuning the body and limb movements, and maintains the body balance.
Cerebellum
Cerebellum
This is second largest part of the brain found behind the cerebrum. It is responsible for fine-tuning the body and limb movements, and maintains the body balance.
It is located between the cerebrum and the midbrain. It is also known as the posterior of the forebrain.
Diencephalon
Diencephalon
It is located between the cerebrum and the midbrain. It is also known as the posterior of the forebrain.
Diencephalon parts includes
○thalamus
○epithalamus
○subthalamus
○hypothalamus
_____________ receives information from the sensory organs and delivers that information to the cerebrum for other processes.
Thalamus (Diencephalon)
Thalamus
receives information from the sensory organs and delivers that information to the cerebrum for other processes. (Diencephalon)
Epithalamus
is in charge of secreting some hormones, as well as aiding in the control of emotions and movement. (Diencephalon)
____________ is in charge of secreting some hormones, as well as aiding in the control of emotions and movement.
Epithalamus (Diencephalon)
______________ is connected to the thalamus. It helps in controlling muscle responses.
Subthalamus (Diencephalon)
Subthalamus
is connected to the thalamus. It helps in controlling muscle responses. (Diencephalon)
________________ is the site of hunger, thirst, anger, and internal body temperature.
Hypothalamus (Diencephalon)
Hypothalamus
is the site of hunger, thirst, anger, and internal body temperature. (Diencephalon)
The Spinal Cord
It is a long, thin mass of bundled neurons enclosed by the bones of the spine called vertebrae. It is located at the base of the brain stem and runs the entire upper body. This serves as a bridge between the CNS and the PNS. It is responsible for delivering messages from the CNS to PNS and vice versa.
It is a long, thin mass of bundled neurons enclosed by the bones of the spine called ___________. It is located at the base of the brain stem and runs the entire upper body. This serves as a bridge between the CNS and the PNS. It is responsible for delivering messages from the CNS to PNS and vice versa.
The spinal cord, vertebrae
How many segments are there in the spinal cord
31
How many segments in cervical
8
The __________ segment is found at the level of the hips.
Sacral
How many segments in thoracic
12
How many segments in lumbar
5
How many segments in sacral
5
How many segments in caudal
1
____________ are membranes that protect against shock, dehydration, and injury, and provide support for the nervous system. They coat the brain and spinal cord.
Meninges (Spinal Cord)
Meninges
are membranes that protect against shock, dehydration, and injury, and provide support for the nervous system. They coat the brain and spinal cord. (Spinal cord)
The Meninges has
Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, and Pia mater
____________ is the outermost meninx.
Dura mater (Meninges)
_____________ contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Arachnoid mater (Meninges)
_____________ lies under CSF.
Pia mater
CSF
Cerebrospinal fluid
It coordinates motor signals and controls life-supporting autonomic functions of the peripheral system. It controls facial nerves for the facial expressions.
Brain Stem
It coordinates motor signals and controls life-supporting autonomic functions of the peripheral system. It controls facial nerves for the facial expressions.
Brain Stem
Brain Stem
It coordinates motor signals and controls life-supporting autonomic functions of the peripheral system. It controls facial nerves for the facial expressions.
Brain Stem
It coordinates motor signals and controls life-supporting autonomic functions of the peripheral system. It controls facial nerves for the facial expressions.
