Lesson 24—Manage Network Services

Question 1

What’s the relationship between clients, servers, and network service access?

Answer 1

Client software accesses network services that server software provides. The client and server software
use network protocols and standards to communicate with each other.

Question 2

What’s the relationship between a network service and a network port?

Answer 2

Network services are established using a common network protocol. The protocol specifies which TCP
or User Datagram Protocol (UDP) port to use for communications.

Question 3

What’s the primary interface for configuring network service apps?

Answer 3

The Internet Accounts preferences are the primary interface in macOS Big Sur for configuring built-in
network apps, such as Mail, Calendars, Notes, Reminders, Contacts, and Messages.

Question 4

How does macOS Big Sur use dynamic network service discovery protocols to access network
services?

Answer 4

Some devices that provide a network service advertise their availability through a dynamic network
service discovery protocol. Clients that are looking for services request and receive this information to
provide the user with a list of available network service choices.

Question 5

Which two dynamic network service discovery protocols does macOS Big Sur support?

Answer 5

macOS Big Sur supports Bonjour and Server Message Block (SMB), including support for the legacy
NetBIOS and WINS dynamic network service discovery protocols. Bonjour is the primary set of dynamic
network service discovery protocols that macOS native services and apps use.

Question 6

Which five network file services can you connect to from the Finder “Connect to Server” dialog?

Answer 6

From the Connect to Server dialog in the Finder, you can connect to these services and systems:
• Server Message Blocks/Common Internet File System (SMB/CIFS)
• SMB2/SMB3
• Apple File Protocol (AFP)
• Network File System (NFS)
• Web-based Distributed Authoring and Versioning (WebDAV)
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP) network file services

Question 7

What is the default file-sharing protocol that macOS uses to connect a Mac that’s running Big Sur to
another computer?

Answer 7

SMB is the default, preferred file-sharing protocol for macOS Big Sur.

Question 8

How are items inside the Finder Network folder populated?

Answer 8

The Finder populates the Network folder using information that the dynamic network service discovery
protocols provide. Computers that provide services appear as resources inside the Network folder, and
service discovery zones or workgroups appear as folders. Any currently connected servers also appear
in the Network folder

Question 9

In what two ways can you automatically connect a network share?

Answer 9

To automatically connect a file share when a user logs in to the system, drag the share from the Finder
to the user’s login items in the Users & Groups preferences. Alternatively, you can drag the share to the
right side of the user’s Dock, and it automatically connects when the user clicks the share’s icon in the
Dock.

Question 10

How can you verify that a specific network service is available from a service provider?

Answer 10

To verify whether a specific service is available from a service provider, first use the ping command in
Terminal to verify basic connectivity. Then use nslookup, dig, host, or dscacheutil in Terminal to
verify DNS resolution. Then use the nc command in Terminal to verify that the specific service ports
are open. (You should always limit the port scan to the specific ports required for the network service
you’re testing.)