Lesson 2: The Heart

Question 1

What is the heart composed of

Answer 1

4 chambers

Question 2

what are the chambers of the heart

Answer 2

atria and ventricles

Question 3

which chambers are superior(above)

Answer 3

atria

Question 4

what walls do atria have

Answer 4

thin walls

Question 5

what walls do ventricles have

Answer 5

thick walls

Question 6

what do atrioventricular valves do

Answer 6

they prevent backflow and mediate the amount of blood in each chamber at a given time

Question 7

what are the atrioventricular valves supported by

Answer 7

strong fibrous strings called chordae tendinae

Question 8

what separates the right atrium and ventricle

Answer 8

the tricuspid valve

Question 9

what separates the left atrium and ventricle

Answer 9

the bicuspid valve

Question 10

what are semilunar valves

Answer 10

valves that border the ventricles and their associated blood vessels

Question 11

what are THE semilunar valves

Answer 11

the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve

Question 12

what is the main function of blood

Answer 12

to deliver oxygen to the tissues

Question 13

where does deoxygenated blood enter

Answer 13

the right atrium of the heart via the anterior(superior) and posterior(inferior) vena cava

Question 14

how and where is the deoxygenated blood moved to become oxygenated

Answer 14

the atrium contracts and sends the blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. the right ventricle contracts and moves the blood through the semilunar valves into the pulmonary trunk which becomes the pulmonary arteries

Question 15

what are the vessels leading to the lungs called as blood moves AWAY from the heart?

Answer 15

arteries

Question 16

what are the vessels leading to the lungs called as blood moves TOWARDS the heart?

Answer 16

veins

Question 17

how does the deoxygenated blood become oxygenated

Answer 17

the blood travels to the lungs where gas exchange is performed

Question 18

explain the gas exchange in the lungs with the blood(and where is it performed in the lungs)

Answer 18

gas exchange is performed at the pulmonary capillaries where carbon dioxide is removed from the blood and oxygen is added.

Question 19

after being oxygenated, where does the blood go

Answer 19

it travels back to the heart, into the left atrium via the pulmonary veins

Question 20

how is the oxygenated blood pushed back in the circuit

Answer 20

the atrium contracts, moving the blood through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle which contracts and moves the oxygenated blood through the aortic semilunar valves into the aorta

Question 21

what is the aorta

Answer 21

the major artery of the heart

Question 22

what is the function of the aorta

Answer 22

acts as a launch centre through which all oxygenated blood begins its trip around the body