Lesson 2: The Heart Flashcards
What is the heart composed of
4 chambers
what are the chambers of the heart
atria and ventricles
which chambers are superior(above)
atria
what walls do atria have
thin walls
what walls do ventricles have
thick walls
what do atrioventricular valves do
they prevent backflow and mediate the amount of blood in each chamber at a given time
what are the atrioventricular valves supported by
strong fibrous strings called chordae tendinae
what separates the right atrium and ventricle
the tricuspid valve
what separates the left atrium and ventricle
the bicuspid valve
what are semilunar valves
valves that border the ventricles and their associated blood vessels
what are THE semilunar valves
the aortic valve and the pulmonary valve
what is the main function of blood
to deliver oxygen to the tissues
where does deoxygenated blood enter
the right atrium of the heart via the anterior(superior) and posterior(inferior) vena cava
how and where is the deoxygenated blood moved to become oxygenated
the atrium contracts and sends the blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. the right ventricle contracts and moves the blood through the semilunar valves into the pulmonary trunk which becomes the pulmonary arteries
what are the vessels leading to the lungs called as blood moves AWAY from the heart?
arteries
what are the vessels leading to the lungs called as blood moves TOWARDS the heart?
veins
how does the deoxygenated blood become oxygenated
the blood travels to the lungs where gas exchange is performed
explain the gas exchange in the lungs with the blood(and where is it performed in the lungs)
gas exchange is performed at the pulmonary capillaries where carbon dioxide is removed from the blood and oxygen is added.
after being oxygenated, where does the blood go
it travels back to the heart, into the left atrium via the pulmonary veins
how is the oxygenated blood pushed back in the circuit
the atrium contracts, moving the blood through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle which contracts and moves the oxygenated blood through the aortic semilunar valves into the aorta
what is the aorta
the major artery of the heart
what is the function of the aorta
acts as a launch centre through which all oxygenated blood begins its trip around the body
