Lesson 2: The Brain Flashcards
What is the nervous system divided into?
-Central (CNS)
-Peripheral (PNS)
What’s the CNS, and what does it do?
-Made of brain and spinal cord
-Processing centre for feedback
-Helps maintain homeostasis
-Receive inputs from body, processes the info, and sends out signals (as a response)
What is the structure of the spinal cord?
-Tube like and had bundles of nerve fibre
-Extends from base of brain through canal inside the vertebrae of back bone
What does the spinal cord do?
-Carries impulses to and from the brain and PNS
-Sends sensory info to the brain
-Sends motor commands from brain to body
-Coordinates reflexes
What is the meninges?
Protective membrane around brain
What is the corpus callosum?
Bundle of nerves connecting the 2 hemispheres of the brain
What is the pituitary gland and what does it do?
- Endocrine gland
-Secretes hormones
-ANTERIOR: FSH, LH, GH, PRL, ACTH, & TSH
-POSTERIOR: ADH, Oxytocin
What does the medulla do?
-connects brain to spinal cord
-coordinates reflexes
-maintains homeostasis
-PART OF BRAIN STEM
What does the cerebellum do?
-lil brain
-coordinates: posture, balance, motor skills, muscle movements
What does the pons do?
-Relays info between diff areas of the brain
-PART OF BRAINSTEM
What does the midbrain do?
-Processes info from sensory neurons in eye, ears, nose
-PART OF BRAIN STEM
What does the thalamus do?
-Relay station
-Connects forebrain and hindbrain and sensory sys. (besides smell)
What does the hypothalamus do?
-Regulates: temp, bp, needs (hunger, thirst), emotions
-Helps pituitary gland release hormones
Cerebrum
-largest part
-Split into two hemispheres and held together by corpus callum
-centres for intellect, memory, and language
-reasoning, emotions, fine motor movement
What are the main characteristics of each hemispheres?
Left: logic, math, sequences, speech, comprehension, writing
Right: creativity, visual, spatial ability
-left hemisphere controls right half of body and vice versa
What does the frontal lobe help/control?
-Personality, behaviour, emotions
-Motor cortex
-speech
-writing
-judgement
-planning
-solving problems
What does the occipital lobe help/control?
-Vision
What does the parietal lobe help/control?
-Sensory (touch)
-Interprets language, memory, hearing, vision
-visual and spatial perception
What does the temporal lobe help/control?
-Hearing and smelling
-Understanding languages
-Memory
