Lesson 2; Research Ethics

Question 1

I.R.B. Stands for?

Answer 1

International Review Board

Question 2

The foremost concern of a researcher is___

Answer 2

The subjects SAFETY and WELFARE

Question 3

T/F
Research that is harmful to participants is a desirable as it may increase our wisdom

Answer 3

False
Research that is harmful to participants is undesirable even though it may increase our wisdom

Question 4

This is a committee Composed of laypeople and researcher that evaluate research proposals and ensure that ethical standards are followed

Answer 4

IRB

Question 5

A research conducted by the BS Psychology 2F was deemed to increase the chance of harm for the people who are chosen as subject compared to them not participating in this study. The study, therefore puts its subjctes __ ____

Answer 5

At Risk

Question 6

When the research do not increase the likelihood of injury for its participants, it can be said that it is at ______ ____

Answer 6

Minimal Risk

Question 7

Weighing the consequences of taking a decision versus the benefits it can give is called

Answer 7

Risk/Benefit analysis

Question 8

True or false, the risks imposed by the research must outweigh its benefit

Answer 8

False
the benefit imposed by the research must outweigh its risks

Question 9

Marimar has undergone the treatments of a research conducted by Pirena before she even got any written request for participation with sufficient explanation about the study.

In this instance, Pirena violated Marimar’s right to ____ ____

Answer 9

Informed consent

Question 10

T/F
The participant has the right to know fully the objective and nature of the research

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Discuss the right to autonomy

Answer 11

Succinctly, the right of a person to choose for his own; to give consent freely without the threat of force or coercion

Question 12

Can a participant or respondent drop out of the experiment even during the middle of the procedure?

Under what right is this encompassed?

Answer 12

Yes; the right to withdraw

Question 13

Miss ma’am is conducting a research, aware of the participants right to be informed, she provided a paper that discusses fully the research and its procedure. After handing these out, she left the room to avoid any questions because she is lazy.

Is miss ma’am’s action appropriate? why?

Answer 13

No. Researchers must answer the questions of the participants in order for them to fully understand the objective of the study

Question 14

Einstein refused to talk about his experiences during the war due to its personally-sensitive nature. Einstein is exercising his right to ______

Answer 14

Privacy

Question 15

Keeping the transcripts and records of the respondents in a safe storage is under what principle or responsibility of our profession?

Answer 15

Confidentiality

Question 16

Nazi committed numerous unethical experiments, this dark period in our history gave way to the creation of what code?

Answer 16

Nuremberg Code of 1947

Question 17

How many principles did the Nuremberg code established ?

Answer 17

10

Question 18

Public outcry in the US following the unethical procedure concerning research about syphilis resulted to

Answer 18

Belmont Report

Question 19

How many core principles for research did the Belmont Report established ?

Answer 19

3

Question 20

Is some studies, the purpose of the study is disguised. This procedure is termed___

Answer 20

Deception

Question 21

Deception may be used to minimize the perception of the participants of the risks or exaggerate their perception of potential benefit

Answer 21

False

Question 22

it is the researcher’s foremost concern in recruiting and using subjects

Answer 22

Treating them ethically and responsibly

Question 23

It is known as the experimenter’s accomplice

Answer 23

confederate

Question 24

T/F
Psychologists can use deception at any time as long as non-deceptive alternatives are not feasible

Answer 24

False. Psychologists can only use deception when it is absolutely necessary and if the use of deceptive techniques is justified.

Question 25

T/F
Psychologists typically refrain from deceiving prospective participants about research that is reasonably anticipated to cause physical pain or severe emotional distress

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Psychologists are required to explain any deception that is an integral feature of the design and conduct of an experiment to participants as early as is feasible, preferably at the conclusion of their participation, but no later than the conclusion of the data collection, and permit participants to withdraw their data.

Answer 26

False. While psychologists are encouraged to disclose deception to participants at the earliest feasible opportunity and allow withdrawal of data, there is no strict requirement to disclose it specifically at the conclusion of their participation or by the conclusion of data collection.

Question 27

What principle did the researchers follow by completely debriefing subjects at the end of the experiment, explaining the true nature and purpose of the study?

Answer 27

principle of Full disclosure

Question 28

it is the process of informing research participants as soon as possible of the purpose of the study, revealing any deception, and correcting any other misconceptions they might have as a result of participating?

Answer 28

Debriefing

Question 29

A term that describes the condition in which subjects are not identified by name, achieved by collecting data without names and assigning code numbers?

Answer 29

Anonymity

Question 30

Term that describes the condition in which data are securely stored and only used for the purpose explained to the subject?

Answer 30

Confidentiality

Question 31

True or False:
They achieve confidentiality by storing data in a locked safe and only using the data for the purposes explained to the participants.

Answer 31

True.

Question 32

It underscores the researchers’ obligation to prioritize the humane care and treatment of animals involved in experiments.

Answer 32

Animal welfare

Question 33

It is the review board tasked with evaluating experiments involving animals before they are conducted in institutions engaged in animal research

Answer 33

Institutional Animal Care and
Use Committee (IACUC)

Question 34

True or False:
Animals involved in experiments must receive adequate physical and social care to stay healthy and comfortable. If drugs, surgery, or potentially painful procedures are involved, a researcher who is specially trained in the field (as well as a veterinarian) must closely supervise the animals.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

T/F
Reporting on research is not considered a necessary part of the scientific process, nor is it an ethical matter. Researchers are not obligated to report their procedures and findings honestly and accurately.

Answer 35

False. Reporting on research is a necessary part of the scientific
process. It is also ethical matter. We report our procedures and findings honestly and accurately.

Question 36

It is misrepresenting someone’s “ideas, words, or written work” as your own.

Answer 36

Plagiarism