Lesson 1

Question 1

Psychology is a science because it relies on this

Answer 1

Scientific Method

Question 2

It is the research about the psychological process underlying behavior

Answer 2

Psychological Science

Question 3

In contemporary times, it is the definition of science that contains what we know

Answer 3

Content

Question 4

In contemporary times, this is the definition of science that is an activity which includes the systematic way of gathering data

Answer 4

Process

Question 5

Methodology

Answer 5

Scientific techniques in collecting and evaluating psychological data

Question 6

scientific study of behavior, motives, or cognition in a laboratory or other controlled setting in order to predict, explain, or influencebehavior

Answer 6

Experimental Psychology

Question 7

Commonsense psychology

Answer 7

Everyday, non-scientific data gathering that shapes our expectations and beliefs and directs our behavior toward others

Question 8

derived from data we collect from our own experience and what we have learned from others.

Answer 8

Commonsense beliefs

Question 9

The tendency to overlook instances that might disprove our beliefs and look for confirmatory instances instead

Answer 9

Confirmation Bias

Question 10

What are the four non scientific inferences

Answer 10

Traits, stereotyping, Gambler’s fallacy, Overconfidence bias

Question 11

T/F
Scientific mentality assumes that behavior can be predicted as it must follow a natural order

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What are empirical data?

Answer 12

Data that are observable or experienced

Question 13

This is a principle that has the generality to apply to all situations

Answer 13

Law

Question 14

A theory is..?

Answer 14

Set of related statements used to explain and predict phonomena

Question 15

A principle that states that the simpler one is preferred

Answer 15

Parsimony

Question 16

Weight of evidence approach

Answer 16

The more evidence that accumulates to support a particular explanation or theory, the more confidence we have that the theory is correct.

Question 17

T/F
Theories are best tested through attempts of verification.

Answer 17

False;
Theories are best tested through attempts of FALSIFICATION.

Question 18

A goal of psych sci;

A systematic and unbiased account of the observed characteristics of behaviors;

Answer 18

Decription

Question 19

Prediction

Answer 19

The capability of knowing in advance when a certain behavior would be expected to occur.

Question 20

Explanation

Answer 20

To be able to understand what causes a behavior and to gain knowledge of the conditions that produced the behavior.

Question 21

Goal of psych sci.

The application of what has been learned

Question 22

Basic / pure / fundamental research aims to?

Answer 22

increase the amount of scientific knowledge

Question 23

A study assessing whether men or women are more likely to suffer from depression.

is a sample of what research?

Answer 23

Basic resesrach

Question 24

Applied / Practical Research is designed to..?

Answer 24

solve real-world problems

Question 25

Researching which strategies work best to improve students’ learning

is an example of what research

Answer 25

Applied research

Question 26

It Is the Systematic noting and recording of events

Answer 26

Observation

Question 27

T/F
observation must be made SYSTEMATIC AND OBJECTIVE

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is the process undertaken to test a hypothesis

Answer 28

Experimentation

Question 29

T/F
To do an experiment, our predictions must be TESTABLE

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Experimentation is undertaken to test a testable prediction. Testable prediction is also known as..?

Answer 30

Hypothesis

Question 31

It encompass the circumstances tha occur prior to the event of behavior

Answer 31

Antecedents/ Antecedent conditions

Question 32

It is a controlled procedure in which at least two different treatment conditions are applied to subjects.

Answer 32

Psychology experiment

Question 33

____ is the specific sets of antecedent conditions

Answer 33

Treatment

Question 34

The manipulated sets of antecedent conditions

Answer 34

Treatments

Question 35

Experimental group

Answer 35

The group being treated, or otherwise manipulated (Independent Variable).

Question 36

Controlled Group

Answer 36

the group that receives no treatment and is used as a comparison group.

Question 37

Dependent variable

Answer 37

variable being measured or observed

Question 38

An experimental design in which subjects receive only one treatmentd.

Also; different subjects, different treatments

Answer 38

Between-subjects design

Question 39

Presenting all treatments to each subject

Also; same subjects across all treatments

Answer 39

Within-subjects design

Question 40

T/F
Controls is achieved through random assignment

Answer 40

True

Question 41

What can we infer from Psychology experiment?

Answer 41

Cause-and-effect relationship

Question 42

Pseudoscience

Answer 42

It is any field of study that gives the appearance of being scientific, but has no true scientific basis and has not been confirmed using the scientific method.

Question 43

Phrenology

Answer 43

involved assessing traits and dispositions by measuring the size and location of bumps on the skull.

Question 44

Physiognomy

Answer 44

Involved using facial features, particularly the appearance of the eyes, nose, chin, and forehead to evaluate traits, mental capacity, and skills.

Question 45

T/F
Astrology is a pseudoscience

Answer 45

True