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10-007 Net+ > Lesson 2 - OSI > Flashcards

Lesson 2 - OSI Flashcards

1
Q

OSI

A

Open Systems Interconnection

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2
Q

The physical layer

A

Layer 1

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3
Q

The data link layer

A

Layer 2

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4
Q

The network layer

A

Layer 3

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5
Q

The transport layer

A

Layer 4

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6
Q

The session layer

A

Layer 5

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7
Q

The presentation layer

A

Layer 6

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8
Q

The application layer

A

Layer 7

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9
Q

At the ______ layer, binary expressions (that is, a series of 1s and 0s) represent data

A

Physical Layer/Layer 1

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10
Q

At upper layers, however, bits are grouped together, into what is known as a ________ or a __________

A

Protocol Data Unit (PDU) or Data Service Unit

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11
Q

Physical layer PDU

A

Bits

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12
Q

Data link layer PDU

A

Frames

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13
Q

Network layer PDU

A

Packets

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14
Q

Transport layer PDU

A

Segments

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15
Q

The concern of the__________ is the transmission of bits on the network along with the physical and electrical characteristics of the network

A

Physical Layer / Layer 1

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16
Q

represents a binary 1 with the presence of voltage (on a copper cable) or the presence of light (on a fiber-optic cable). Similarly, the absence of light or voltage represents a binary 0

A

Current state modulation

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17
Q

One way to electrically or optically represent a binary 1 or 0 is to use the transition between a voltage level (for example, going from a state of no voltage to a state of voltage, or vice versa, on a copper cable) or the transition of having light or no light on a fiber-optic cable to represent a binary 1. Similarly, a binary 0 is represented by having no transition in a voltage level or light level from one time period to the next. This approach of representing binary digits is called ________________

A

state transition modulation

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18
Q

The ___________ layer is concerned with the following:
Packaging data into frames and transmitting those frames on the network
Performing error detection/correction
Uniquely finding network devices with an address
Handling flow control

A

Data Link Layer / Layer 2

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19
Q

The _____________ is primarily concerned with forwarding data based on logical addresses

A

Network Layer / Layer 3

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20
Q

The _________ acts as a dividing line between the upper layers and lower layers of the OSI model. Specifically, messages are taken from upper layers and are encapsulated into segments for transmission to the lower layers.

A

Transport Layer / Layer 4

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21
Q

The _________ is responsible for setting up, maintaining, and tearing down sessions. You can think of a session as a conversation that needs to be treated separately from other sessions to avoid the intermingling of data from different conversations.

A

Session Layer / Layer 5

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22
Q

The __________ handles formatting the data being exchanged and securing that data with encryption.

A

Presentation Layer / Layer 6

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23
Q

The _______ gives services to a network.

A

Application Layer / Layer 7

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24
Q

Network Interfave || Internet || Transport || Application

A

TCP/IP Stack

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25
Q

___________ field. The value in this field is decremented by 1 every time this packet is routed from one IP network to another (that is, passes through a router). If the ____ value ever reaches 0, the packet is discarded from the network.

A

Time-to-Live (TTL)

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26
Q

Due to the sequencing and acknowledgements, ___ is considered to be a connection-oriented transport layer protocol

A

TCP

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27
Q

Dynamically assigns IP address information (for example, IP address, subnet mask, DNS server’s IP address, and default gateway’s IP address) to a network device

A

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

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28
Q

UDP Port 67, 68

A

DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

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29
Q

Resolves domain names to corresponding IP addresses

A

DNS Domain Name System

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30
Q

TCP Port 53 UDP Port 53

A

DNS Domain Name System

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31
Q

Transfers files with a remote host (typically requires authentication of user credentials)

A

FTP File Transfer Protocol

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32
Q

TCP Port 20, 21

A

FTP File Transfer Protocol

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33
Q

A signaling protocol that provides multimedia communications over a network

A

H.323

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34
Q

TCP Port 1720

A

H.323

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35
Q

Retrieves content from a web server

A

HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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36
Q

TCP Port 80

A

HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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37
Q

Used to securely retrieve content from a web server

A

HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

38
Q

TCP Port 443

A

HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

39
Q

Retrieves email from an email server on port 143

A

IMAP/IMAP4 Internet Message Access Protocol

40
Q

TCP Port 143

A

IMAP/IMAP4 Internet Message Access Protocol

41
Q

Provides directory services (for example, a user directory that includes username, password, email, and phone number information) to network clients

A

LDAP: Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

42
Q

TCP Port 389

A

LDAP: Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

43
Q

A secured version of LDAP

A

LDAPS Lightweight Directory Access Protocol over SSH

44
Q

TCP Port 636

A

LDAPS Lightweight Directory Access Protocol over SSH

45
Q

Used as a call control and communication protocol for Voice over IP networks

A

MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol

46
Q

UDP Port 2427, 2727

A

MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol

47
Q

Provides network communication services for LANs that use NetBIOS

A

NetBIOS Network Basic Input/Output System

48
Q

TCP Port 139 UDP Port 137, 138

A

NetBIOS Network Basic Input/Output System

49
Q

Supports the posting and reading of articles on Usenet news servers

A

NNTP Network News Transport Protocol

50
Q

TCP Port 119

A

NNTP Network News Transport Protocol

51
Q

Used by a network device to synchronize its clock with a time server

A

NTP Network Time Protocol

52
Q

UDP Port 123

A

NTP Network Time Protocol and SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol

53
Q

Retrieves email from an email server port 110

A

POP3 Post Office Protocol Version 3

54
Q

TCP Port 110

A

POP3 Post Office Protocol Version 3

55
Q

A Microsoft protocol that allows a user to view and control the desktop of a remote computer

A

RDP Remote Desktop Protocol

56
Q

TCP Port 3389

A

RDP Remote Desktop Protocol

57
Q

Allows commands to be executed on a computer from a remote user

A

rsh Remote Shell

58
Q

Port 514

A

rsh Remote Shell

59
Q

Used for delivering media-based data (such as Voice over IP) through the network

A

RTP Real-time Transport Protocol

60
Q

TCP/UDP Ports 5004, 5005

A

RTP Real-time Transport Protocol

61
Q

Communicates with a media server (for example, a video server) and controls the playback of the server’s media files

A

RTSP Real-Time Streaming Protocol

62
Q

TCP/UDP Port 554

A

RTSP Real-Time Streaming Protocol

63
Q

Provides a secure file-transfer service over an SSH connection and offers a file’s original date and time information, which is not available with FTP. Uses TCP port 22

A

SCP Secure Copy

64
Q

Provides FTP file-transfer service over an SSH connection. Uses TCP port 22

A

SFTP

65
Q

Used to create and end sessions for one or more media connections, including Voice over IP calls

A

SIP Session Initiation Protocol

66
Q

TCP Port 5061 UDP Port 5060

A

SIP Session Initiation Protocol

67
Q

Used to share files, printers, and other network resources

A

SMB Server Message Block

68
Q

TCP Port 445

A

SMB Server Message Block

69
Q

Used for sending email

A

SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

70
Q

TCP Port 25

A

SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

71
Q

Used to monitor and manage network devices

A

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

72
Q

UDP Port 161

A

SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol

73
Q

A notification sent from an SNMP agent to an SNMP manager

A

SNMP Trap Simple Network Management Protocol Trap

74
Q

TCP/UDP 162

A

SNMP Trap Simple Network Management Protocol Trap

75
Q

Supports time synchronization among network devices, similar to Network Time Protocol

A

SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol

76
Q

Used to securely connect to a remote host (typically via a terminal emulator)

A

SSH Secure Shell

77
Q

TCP Port 22

A

SSH Secure Shell

78
Q

Used to connect to a remote host (typically via a terminal emulator)

A

Telnet

79
Q

TCP Port 23

A

Telnet

80
Q

Transfers files with a remote host (does not require authentication of user credentials)

A

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol

81
Q

UDP Port 69

A

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol

82
Q

A mathematical algorithm that is executed on a data string by both the sender and the receiver of the data string. If the calculated ___ values match, the receiver can conclude that the data string was not corrupted during transmission.

A

cyclic redundancy check (CRC)

83
Q

layer of the TCP/IP stack encompasses the technologies addressed by Layers 1 and 2 (that is, the physical and data link layers) of the OSI model.

A

network interface layer

84
Q

This layer of the TCP/IP stack maps to Layer 3 (network layer) of the OSI model. Although multiple routed protocols (for example, IPv4 and IPv6) may reside at the OSI model’s network layer, the ______ layer of the TCP/IP stack focuses on IP as the protocol to be routed through a network.

A

Internet layer

85
Q

layer of the TCP/IP stack maps to Layer 4 (transport layer) of the OSI model. The two primary protocols found at the TCP/IP stack’s transport layer are TCP and UDP.

A

transport layer (TCP/IP stack)

86
Q

TCP/IP layer that addresses concepts described by Layers 5, 6, and 7 (that is, the session, presentation, and application layers) of the OSI model.

A

application layer (TCP/IP stack)

87
Q

Supports different communication sessions (for example, different telephone conversations in a telephony network) on the same physical medium by allowing sessions to take turns. For a brief period of time, defined as a time slot, data from the first session is sent, followed by data from the second session. This continues until all sessions have had a turn, and the process repeats itself.

A

time-division multiplexing (TDM)

88
Q

A connection-oriented transport protocol. Connection-oriented transport protocols provide reliable transport, in that if a segment is dropped, the sender can detect that drop and retransmit that dropped segment. Specifically, a receiver acknowledges segments that it receives. Based on those acknowledgments, a sender can determine which segments were successfully received

A

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

89
Q

A connectionless transport protocol. Connectionless transport protocols provide unreliable transport, in that if a segment is dropped, the sender is unaware of the drop, and no retransmission occurs.

A

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

90
Q

Also known as the DoD model, this four-layer model (as opposed to the seven-layer OSI model) targets the suite of TCP/IP protocols.

A

TCP/IP stack

10-007 Net+ (6 decks)

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