Lesson 1 - Network Fundamentals Flashcards by Brandon Beyer

LAN

Local area network

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WAN

Wide area network

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WLAN

Wireless local area network

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SAN

Storage area network

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CAN

Campus area network

Controller area network

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MAN

Metropolitan area network

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PAN

Personal area network

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interconnects network components within a local area

LAN

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Common LAN technologies

Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)
Wireless networks (IEEE 802.11)

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interconnects network components that are geographically separated

WAN

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local area network made up of wireless networking devices

WLAN

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a high-speed, highly reliable network for the express purpose of transmitting stored data

SAN

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LANs being interconnected

CAN Campus area network

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a robust vehicle bus standard designed to enable microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other’s applications without needing a host computer

CAN Controller area network

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widespread than a CAN and less widespread than a WAN

MAN

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a network whose scale is even smaller than a LAN - For example, a connection between a PC and a digital camera via a universal serial bus (USB)

PAN

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The actual traffic flow of a network determines the network’s ______________.

logical topology

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The way a network’s components are physically interconnected determines the network’s _______________.

physical topology.

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C
                                  |
                      C----MAU-----C
                         Token Ring
                               /    \
                            C       C

Physical Star Topology

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C C C
| | |
—————————————–
| |
C C

Bus topology

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typically uses a cable running through the area needing connectivity. Devices that need to connect to the network then tap into this nearby cable

Bus topology

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C
          /         \
       C     O     C
        |              |
        C----------C

Ring Topology

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Hub and Spoke

Topology that looks like a pentagram within a pentagon. Max redundancy

Full mesh topology

Topology that is not as robust as full mesh

Partial mesh

wireless nodes are in charge of sending and receiving traffic to each other, without the assistance of infrastructure devices, such as switches or access points

Ad Hoc Topology

specialized wireless equipment for permitting the wireless communications to take place

Infrastructure Topology

This topology is more sophisticated than the ad hoc in that specialized nodes help move the traffic throughout the topology

Mesh Topology

A network where resources can be located on dedicated servers rather than on a PC running a variety of end-user applications

Client/Server

A network that allows interconnected devices (for example, PCs) to share their resources with one another.

Peer-to-peer

Defines the device an end user uses to access a network. This device might be a workstation, laptop, smartphone with wireless capabilities, tablet, or variety of other end-user terminal devices.

Client

As its name suggests, a server serves up resources to a network. These resources might include email access as provided by an email server, web pages as provided by a web server, or files available on a file server.

Server

An Ethernet hub is an older technology used to interconnect network components, such as clients and servers. Hubs vary in their number of available ports. A hub does not perform an inspection of the traffic it passes. Rather, a hub simply receives traffic in a port and repeats that traffic out all of its other ports.

Hub

Like an Ethernet hub, an Ethernet switch interconnects network components. Like a hub, switches are available with a variety of port densities. However, unlike a hub, a switch doesn't simply take traffic in on one port and forward copies of that traffic out all other ports. Rather, a switch learns which devices reside off of which ports. As a result, when traffic comes in a switch port, the switch interrogates the traffic to see where it's destined. Then, based on what the switch has learned, it forwards the traffic out of the appropriate port and not out all of the other ports.

switch

A router is considered a Layer 3 device, meaning that it makes its forwarding decisions based on logical network addresses. Most modern networks use IP addressing.

Router

Devices need to be interconnected via some sort of media. This media could be copper cabling. Alternatively, it could be a fiber-optic cable. Media might not even be a cable, as is the case with wireless networks, where radio waves travel through the media of air.

Media

An interconnection between two devices in a WAN

wide area network (WAN) link

Interconnects network components within a local region (for example, within a building).

LAN

Interconnects network components that are geographically separated.

WAN

An interconnection of networks located in nearby buildings (for example, buildings on a college campus).

CAN

Interconnects locations scattered throughout a metropolitan area.

MAN

A network whose scale is smaller than a LAN. As an example, a connection between a PC and a digital camera via a USB cable is considered to be a ___.

PAN

A local area network made up of wireless networking devices

WLAN

A specialized network for the storage of data

SAN

The actual traffic flow of a network determines the network's ________________

Logical Topology

The way a network's components are physically interconnected determines the network's ______________

Physical Topology

Typically, this topology uses a cable running through the area requiring connectivity, and devices to be networked can tap into that cable

Bus topology

In a ____ topology, traffic flows in a circular fashion around a closed network loop. Typically, a ____ topology sends data, in a single direction, to each connected device in turn, until the intended destination receives the data.

Ring topology

a network has a central point (for example, a switch) from which all attached devices radiate

Star topology

When interconnecting multiple sites (for example, multiple corporate locations) via WAN links, a ________ topology has a WAN link from each remote site to the main site

Hub-and-spoke topology

Directly connects every site to every other site.

Full Mesh Topology

A hybrid of a hub-and-spoke topology and a full-mesh topology.

Partial-Mesh topology

The simplest of wireless topologies is the _______ wireless network. This means that the wireless nodes are in charge of sending and receiving traffic to each other, without the assistance of infrastructure devices, such as switches or access points.

ad hoc topology

In a _________ network, a dedicated server (for example, a file server or a print server) provides shared access to a resource (for example, files or a printer). Clients (for example, PCs) on the network with appropriate privilege levels can gain access to those shared resources.

client/server network

Allows interconnected devices (for example, PCs) to share their resources with one another. These resources could be, for example, files or printers.

peer-to-peer network