Lesson 2 - Neurons

Question 1

Structure Of A Neuron

Answer 1

The cell body incudes the genetic material, dendrites hang out the cell body and carry nerve impulses from neurone towards the cell body.

Question 2

What Do Dendrites Do

Answer 2

Carry nerve impulses from the neurone towards the cell body.

Question 3

The Axon

Answer 3

Is covered in a fatty layer called the myelin sheath which protects it and speeds up electrical transmission.

Question 4

Nodes Of Ranvier

Answer 4

Small gaps in the myelin sheath which actually speed up the electrical transmission

Question 5

Sensory Neurons

Answer 5

These carry messages from the PNS to the CNS (along dendrites and short axons).

Question 6

Relay Neurons

Answer 6

These connect the sensory neurone to the motor/other relay neurons.

Question 7

Motor Neurons

Answer 7

These connect the CNS to effectors.

Question 8

Type Of Dendrites And Axons (Sensory)

Answer 8

Long dendrites and short axons.

Question 9

Type Of Dendrites And Axons (Relay)

Answer 9

Short dendrites and short axons

Question 10

Type Of Dendrites And Axons (Motor)

Answer 10

Short dendrites and long axons

Question 11

Sensory Neurons (Further)

Answer 11

Found in receptors and translates nerve impulses into sensations however some stop at the spinal cord for quick reflexes.

Question 12

Relay Neurons (Further)

Answer 12

Found between sensory/motor neurone, they’re in the CNS and allow sensory and motor neurone to communicate.

Question 13

Motor Neurons (Further)

Answer 13

Found in the CNS and control muscle movements, they release neurotransmitters that bind to receptors to trigger muscle responses.

Question 14

What Is An Axon?

Answer 14

Fibres that carry nerve impulses away from the cell body towards the axon terminal.

Question 15

Axon Terminal

Answer 15

The end of the axon.