Lesson 2: Language as Supreme Element Flashcards
The process of exchanging ideas, thoughts, feelings, and emotions from one person to another with of symbols which may be verbal/nonverbals and aims for understanding
Communication
communication where it is done with a goal or purpose
Purposive Communication
a system of arbitrary vocal apparatus which is used in communication
Language
Subsystems of Language
Phonene Morpheme Suprasegmentals Grammar Semantics
minimal meaningful unit of sound in a word
Phonene
minimal meaningful unit of word particle (root word and non-root)
Morphene
musical cadence of the language which include pitch, stress, juncture and intonation
Suprasegmentals
a description of language form and structure which serves as a clue to communication
Grammar
Structures of Language
Vowels
Consonants
Dipthongs
Segment of the speech produced with the vibration of the vocal cords because all of this are voiced
Vowels
structure of language produced without any interruptions of the air stream
Vowels
structure of language produced by considering the parts of the tongue, the height of the tongue, and the rounding and unrounding of the lips
Vowels
sounds produced either with or without the vibrations of the vocal cords
Consonants
Segments mark with or without any interruptions of the air stream
Consonants
combination of a pure vowel and a glide of tongue
Dipthongs
Characteristics of Language
language has 2 sides language is said to be arbitrary language takes place within a social group language is dynamic language is productive
characteristic of language that pertains to expression (as it has to be produced orally) and context (as it must be meaningful)
Language has two sides
characteristic of language that states that we cannot predict the number of sounds a word is made up of
Language is said to be arbitrary
characteristic of language that states that more than two people know the language you are using
Language takes place within a social group
characteristic of language that states that language keeps on changing and new vocabularies are added
Language is dynamic
characteristic of language that states more and more words are being added because of development in science and technology and out of necessity
Language is productive
Language tools
Speech
Voice
language tool which pertain to the correct utterance of words
Speech
It is the voice breath shaped into words by the tongue, lips, etc.
Speech
It is the sound produced by vibration of the vocal cords
Voice
It is also the expression of the speaker’s mental and emotional states, together with the person’s attitude during the moment of speaking
Voice
physical requirements for good speaking voice
control of breathing
relaxation of throat and neck
flexible and energetic use of the speech modifiers
physical requirements for good speaking voice that is about knowing where to pause and where to breath when talking
Control of Breathing
speech modifiers
jaw, teeth, tongue, etc.
variable attributes of voice
Rate
Force
Pitch
Emphasis
speed of utterance
Rate
normal rate of words per minute
120 - 180 words per minute
type of rate for weighty, dignified matters
Slow rate
type of rate for rapid sequence of events
Fast rate
type of rate for narration
Fairly rapid rate
rate of speaking depends on 2 elements
Quantity
Pause
refers to the length of time used in actual utterance of sounds within a word
Quantity
refers to the length of time spent in silence in between words
Pause
variable attribute of voice that pertains to the loudness and vigor with which one speaks
Force
variable attribute of voice that pertains to how you relay your message
Force
Force of speaking depends on these two variables
Degree of Force
Form of Force
variable of force that refers to the amount of force applied or how much accent you give
Degree of Force
variable of force that refers tot he manner in which force is applied
Form of Force
variable attribute of voice that pertains to the highness or lowness of voice and relates to the intonation
Pitch
variable attribute of voice that pertains to making ideas stand out which is increased by pause and contrast
Emphasis
