Lesson 2 Assignment (L2.1) -SUFFIXES Flashcards
-a
(a is a noun ending)
cyanoderma (skin with a bluish discoloration)
Note: When a is used as a suffix, it is a noun ending; a can also be used as a prefix.
-ac
pertaining to
cardiac (pertaining to the heart)
-ad
toward, increase
caudad (toward the tail or end of the body)
-al
pertaining to
duodenal (pertaining to the duodenum)
-algesia
sensitivity to pain
analgesia (without sensitivity to pain)
-algia
pain
cephalalgia (pain in the head; a headache)
-ar
pertaining to
ventricular (pertaining to the ventricle)
-ary
pertaining to; relating to
pulmonary (pertaining to the lungs)
-ate
something that…
hemolysate (something that results from hemolysis)
-blast
embryonic stage of development
leukoblast (immature white blood cell)
-cele
swelling or herniation
cystocele (herniation or protrusion of the urinary bladder through the wall of the vagina)
-centesis
surgical puncture
amniocentesis (surgical puncture of the amniotic sac to remove fluid for laboratory analysis; an obstetrical procedure)
-cide
to kill; to destroy
spermicide (chemical substance that kills spermatozoa)
-clasis
crushing or breaking up
osteoclasis (the intentional surgical fracture of a bone to correct a deformity)
-cyte
cell
leukocyte (white blood cell)
-desis
binding or surgical fusion
arthrodesis (fixation of a joint by a procedure designed to accomplish fusion of the joint surfaces)
-dynia
pain
cephalodynia (pain in the head; a headache)
-e
(e is a noun ending)
dermatome (instrument used to cut the skin; i.e., thin slices of skin for grafting)
-eal
pertaining to
esophageal (pertaining to the esophagus)
-ectasia
stretching or dilation
gastrectasia (stretching or dilation of the stomach)
-ectasis
stretching or dilation
gastrectasis (stretching or dilation of the stomach)
-ectomy
surgical removal
appendectomy (surgical removal of the appendix)
-emia
blood condition
hyperglycemia (blood condition in which there is a higher than normal level of glucose in the blood; high blood sugar)
-er
one who
radiographer (one who takes and processes X-rays)
-esis
condition of
enuresis (condition of urinary incontinence)
-gen
that which generates
glycogen (“that which generates sugar”)
-genesis
generating; formation
lithogenesis (the formation of stones)
-genic
pertaining to formation; producing
lithogenic (pertaining to the formation of stones)
-gram
record or picture
electrocardiogram (record of the electrical activity of the heart)
-graph
an instrument used to record
electrocardiograph (instrument used to record the electrical activity of the heart)
-graphy
process of recording
electrocardiography (the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart)
-gravida
pregnancy
multigravida (a woman who has been pregnant more than once; “many pregnancies”)
-ia
condition (ia is a noun ending)
paraplegia (condition of paralysis of the lower half of the body)
-ian
specialist in a field of study
geriatrician (specialist in the field of study of the aging)
-iasis
presence of an abnormal condition
cholelithiasis (abnormal presence of gallstones in the gallbladder)
-iatric(s)
relating to medicine, physicians, or medical treatment
pediatrics (field of medicine that deals with children)
-iatrician
one who treats; a physician
pediatrician (physician who treats children)
-iatrist
one who treats; a physician
psychiatrist (specialist in the study, treatment, and prevention of mental illness)
-iatry
medical treatment, medical profession
psychiatry (field of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness)
-ic
pertaining to
thoracic (pertaining to the thorax)
-ical
pertaining to (-cial is the combination of ic + al)
neurological (pertaining to the study of nerves)
-ician
specialist in a field of study
obstetrician (specialist in the field of study of pregnancy and childbirth)
-ile
pertaining to; capable
febrile (pertaining to fever)
-ion
action; process
conduction (process in which heat is transferred from one substance to another)
-ism
condition
hirsutism (condition of excessive body hair in a masculine distribution pattern)
-ist
practitioner
pharmacist (practitioner who is licensed to prepare and dispense medications)
-itis
inflammation
appendicitis (inflammation of the appendix)
-ize
to make; to treat or combine with
anesthetize (to induce a state of anesthesia; to make one “feelingless”)
-lepsy
seizure, attack
narcolepsy (seizure or sudden attack of sleep)
-lith
stone
rhinolith (stone or calculus in the nose)
-lithiasis
presence or formation of stones
cholelithiasis (presence of gallstones)
-logy
the study of
biology (the study of living things)
-logist
one who specializes in the study of
biologist (one who specializes in the study of living things)
-lysis
destruction or detachment
dialysis (removal or detachment of certain elements from the blood or lymph by passing them through a semipermeable membrane)
-lytic
destruction
keratolytic (agent used to destroy hardened skin)
-mania
a mental disorder; a “madness”
megalomania (mental disorder characterized by delusions of grandeur; the patient believes he or she is someone of great importance)
-megaly
enlargement
cardiomegaly (enlargement of the heart)
-meter
an instrument used to measure
pelvimeter (instrument used to measure the diameter and capacity of the pelvis)
-metry
the process of measuring
pelvimetry (the process of measuring the dimensions of the pelvis)
-oid
resembling
mucoid (resembling mucus)
-ole
small or little
arteriole (smallest branch of the arterial circulation; a “small” artery)
-oma
tumor
lipoma (fatty tumor)
-opia
visual condition
myopia (a condition of nearsightedness)
-opsia
visual condition
hemianopsia (blindness in one half of the visual field)
-opsy
process of viewing
biopsy (removal of a small piece of living tissue from an organ or part of the body for “viewing” under a microscope)
-ory
pertaining to; characterized by
auditory (pertaining to hearing)
-osis
condition
cyanosis (condition of blueness)
-ous
pertaining to
venous (pertaining to veins)
-pathy
disease
adenopathy (disease of a gland)
penia
decrease in; deficiency
leukocytopenia (decrease in the number of white blood cells)
-pexy
surgical fixation
colpopexy (surgical fixation of a relaxed vaginal wall)
-philia
attraction to
necrophilia (abnormal attraction to dead bodies)
-phobia
abnormal fear
necrophobia (fear of death and dead bodies)
-plasia
formation or development
hyperplasia (excessive formation or development)
-plasty
surgical repair
rhinoplasty (surgical repair of the nose in which the structure of the nose is changed)
-plegia
paralysis
hemiplegia (paralysis of half of the body, of one side of the body)
-pnea
breathing
dyspnea (difficulty breathing)
-ptosis
drooping or prolapse
colpoptosis (prolapse of the vagina)
-rrhagia
excessive flow or discharge
gastrorrhagia (bursting for of blood from the stomach)
-rrhaphy
suturing
nephrorrhaphy (operation of suturing the kidney)
-rrhea
discharge; flow
rhinorrhea (flow or drainage from the nose)
-rrhexis
rupture
arteriorrhexis (rupture of an artery)
-scope
an instrument used to view
ophthalmoscope (instrument used to view the interior of the eye)
-scopy
the process of viewing with a scope
ophthalmoscopy (the process of using an ophthalmoscope to view the interior of the eye)
-stasis
stopping or controlling
hemostasis (stopping or controlling the flow of blood)
venostasis (the trapping or “standing still” of blood in an extremity)
-stomy
the surgical creation of a new opening
colostomy (surgical creation of a new opening between the colon and surface of the body)
-tic
pertaining to
cyanotic (pertaining to blueness)
-tion
process of
relaxation (the process of reducing tension, as when a muscle relaxes after contraction)
-tomy
incision into
phlebotomy (incision into a vein)
-tripsy
intentional crushing
lithotripsy (the crushing of a stone in the bladder; may be accomplished by ultrasound or by laser)
-ula
small, little
macula (small pigmented spot that appears separate from surrounding tissue)
-ule
“small one”
venule (smallest vein that collects blood from a capillary)
-um
a suffix that identifies singular pronouns
duodenum (first part of the small intestines)
-uria
a characteristic of the urine
hematuria (presence of blood in the urine)
-us
a suffix that identifies singular nouns
coccus (singular bacterium)
-y
condition; process (noun ending)
myopathy (abnormal condition of the muscles)
