Lesson 2 Flashcards
definiton of parody:
when one piece of writing uses many of the same elements of another but does it in a new and funny way. It may copy the setting, plot, characters, or other parts of the original work.
definition of extratextual reference:
also termed exophoric reference. It references people, things or events outside of the text. Contextual information is almost always needed to identify the referent.
definition of intratextual reference:
also called endophoric reference, as it involves links between items in different sentences, often sentences which are not adjacent, and even in different paragraphs, but they can also be used within a single sentence.
what’s the difference between anaphoric reference and cataphoric reference?
anaphoric reference is when the cohesion devices point backwards to the referent; cataphoric reference is when the cohesion devices point forward to the referent.
What types of reference devices are there?
1- personal reference (personal pronouns, possessive pronouns, possessive adjectives)
2- demonstrative references (demonstratives, adverbs, and the definite article the)
3- comparative references (adjectives and adverbs
definition of substitution:
replacement of an item by another item. Nominal substitution (one, ones, the same). Verbal substitution (do, do so). Clausal substitution (so, not)
what’s the difference between substitution and reference?
the substitute item has the same structural functin as that for which it substitutes; with reference we link the same entity by using different expressions.
definition of ellipsis:
is a special case of substitution, it’s the omission of an element. 1) nominal ellipsis, 2) verbal ellipsis, 3) clausal ellipsis.
definition of connectors:
large category which includes coordinators, conjuncts and other types of connectors that link different parts of a text and make explicit the relationship between different ideas and processes.
why are contrastive conjuncts used?
to present contrastive matters or contrastive positions in relation to what has preceded; to create comparisons in a positive or negative way.
why are casual-conditional conjuncts used?
to communicate the results of events in the preceding discourse; to highlight the cause or the reason; concessive conjuncts; conditional conjuncts.
definition of repetition and parallelism:
the same word, phrases, clauses or sentences are repeated in referring to the same concept or entity. Similar lexico-grammatical structures are repeated with a variation in the lexical realization (parallelism).
definition of general noun:
or anaphoric nouns, are an important source of cohesion in spoken language; they are used to connect general classes to more specific elements.
definition of lexical field :
named area of meaning in ehich lexemes interrelate and define each other in specific ways. It contains words that belong to a defined area of meaning; is a group of words with related meaning.
