Lesson 2

Question 1

According to him, a “system” is an arrangement of parts and their interconnections come together for a purpose

Answer 1

Bertalanffy

Question 2

An arrangement of parts and their interconnections come together for a purpose

Answer 2

System

Question 3

A collection of many parts such as the community, department or ministries of health, health care providers, health service organizations, pharmaceuticals companies, health financing bodies, and other organizations related to health

Answer 3

Health System

Question 4

Serve as the interconnections of a health system

Answer 4

Function, such as governance, health care service provision, financing, and managing resources

Question 5

He defined health system as “the combination of resources, organization, financing, and management that culminate in the delivery of health services to the population”

Answer 5

Roemer (1991)

Question 6

All the organizations, institutions and resources that are devoted to producing health actions

Answer 6

Health System

Question 7

They defined the health system as all the organizations, institutions and resources that are devoted to producing health actions

Answer 7

Word Health Organization (2000)

Question 8

Defined as “any effort, whether in personal health care, public health services or through inter-sectoral initiatives, whose primary purpose is to improve health”

Answer 8

Health Action

Question 9

Goals of a Health System

Answer 9

Improving the health of populations
Improving the responsiveness of the health system to the population it serves
Fairness in financial contribution
Improving the health of populations

Question 10

Should be measured over the entire population and across different socioeconomic groups

Answer 10

Health Status

Question 11

Include income, ethnicity, occupation, gender, geographic location and sexual orientation, among others

Answer 11

Sources Disparity

Question 12

Represents the concept that the health system provides services in the manner that people want or desire and engages people as active partners

Answer 12

Responsiveness

Question 13

Embodies values of respectfulness, non-discrimination, humaneness and confidentiality

Answer 13

Responsiveness

Question 14

Maximize people’s autonomy and control, allowing them to make choices, placing them at the center of the health care system

Answer 14

Responsive Health System

Question 15

Is one that does not deter individuals from receiving needed care due to payments required at the time of service and one in which each individual pays approximately the same percentage of their income for needed services

Answer 15

Fairly Financed Health System

Question 16

Defined of a fairly financed health system is one that does not deter individuals from receiving needed care due to payments required at the time of service and one in which each individual pays

Answer 16

World Health Organization

Question 17

The most visible product of the health care system

Answer 17

Health Care Provision

Question 18

The assembling of essential resources for delivering health services

Answer 18

Managing Resources or Health Service Inputs

Question 19

Sets the context and policy framework for the overall health system

Answer 19

Stewardship or overall system oversight

Question 20

Entails collection of money to pay for health care

Answer 20

Revenue Collection

Question 21

Refers to the collection and management of financial resources in a way that spreads financial risks from an individual to all pool members

Answer 21

Risk Pooling

Question 22

Core function of health insurance mechanisms

Answer 22

Financial Risk Pooling

Question 23

Most high-income countries follow one of the two main models:

Answer 23

Bismarck Model and Beveridge Model

Question 24

The way most risk-pooling organizations or purchasers use collected and pooled financial resources to finance or buy health care services for their members

Answer 24

Strategic Purchasing

Question 25

Those which deliver effective, safe, quality personal and non personal health interventions to those who need them, when and where needed, with minimum waste of resources

Answer 25

Service Delivery

Question 26

One which works in ways that are responsive, fair, and efficient to achieve the best health outcomes possible, given the available resources and circumstances

Answer 26

Health Workforce

Question 27

One that ensures the production, analysis, dissemination and use of reliable and timely information on health determinants, health systems performance and health status

Answer 27

Information

Question 28

Ensures equitable access to essential medical products, vaccines, and technologies of assured quality, safety, efficacy and cost effectiveness, and their scientifically sound and cost-effective use

Answer 28

Medical products, vaccines, and technology

Question 29

Raises adequate funds for health, in ways that ensure people can use needed services, and are protected from financial
catastrophe or impoverishment associated with having to pay for them

Answer 29

Financing

Question 30

Ensuring strategic policy frameworks exist and are combined with effective stewardship, coalition-building, provision of appropriate regulations and incentives, attention to system design, and accountability

Answer 30

Leadership and Governance

Question 31

Health Financing Includes:

Answer 31

Risk pooling, revenue collection, and allocating revenue

Question 32

Four Vital Health System Functions:

Answer 32

Health service provision, Health service inputs, Stewardship, and Health financing

Question 33

Necessary in strengthening health systems and improving overall health outcomes

Answer 33

WHO Health System Framework

Question 34

WHO health system Building Blocks

Answer 34

Service delivery, Leadership and governance, Financing, Products, vaccines, and technologies, Health Workforce, and Information