Lesson 14: Ethics, Privacy and Security

Question 1

The application of the principles of ethics to the domain of health informatics.

Answer 1

Health Informatics Ethics (HIE)

Question 2

Three main aspects of health informatics

Answer 2

Healthcare
Informatics
Software

Question 3

It is developed in order to assist in the dispensation of healthcare or other supplementary services.

Answer 3

Information system

Question 4

It dwells in the efficiency of processing data

Answer 4

Health informatics

Question 5

What covers the General/Healthcare principles

Answer 5

Autonomy
Beneficence and Non- maleficence

Question 6

What principles cover the informatics

Answer 6

Privacy
Openess
Security
Access
Infringement (Legitimate)
Least Intrusion
Accountability

Question 7

What principles cover the software?

Answer 7

Society
Institution and Employees
Profession

Question 8

Allowing individuals to make their own decisions in response to a particular societal context

Answer 8

Autonomy

Question 9

The idea that no one human person does not have the authority nor should have the power over another human person

Answer 9

Autonomy

Question 10

It must maintain respect for patient autonomy.

Answer 10

Electronic Health Record (EHR)

Question 11

These two principles are respectively defined as “do good” and “do no harm”.

Answer 11

Beneficence and Non-maleficence

Question 12

It involved the ethical behavior required of anyone handling data and information, as prescribed by the International Medical Informatics Association

Answer 12

Information ethics

Question 13

The seven principles in information tics ethics

Answer 13

Principle of information - privacy and disposition
Principle of openness
Principle of security
Principle of access
Principle of legitimate infringement
Principle of the least intrusive alternative
Principle of accountability

Question 14

It relies on use of software to store and process information

Answer 14

Health Informatics Ehtics

Question 15

The software developer has ethical duties and responsibilities to the following stakeholders:

Answer 15

Society
Institution and Employees
Profession

Question 16

All persons and group of persons have a fundamental right to privacy, and hence to control over the collection, storage, access, use, communication, manipulation, linkage, and disposition of date about themselves.

Answer 16

Principle of Information - Privacy and Disposition

Question 17

The collection, storage, access, use, communication, manipulation, linkage and disposition of personal data must be disclosed in an appropriate and timely fashion to the subject or subjects of those data.

Answer 17

Principle of Openness

Question 18

Data have been legitimately collected about persons or groups of persons should be protected by all reasonable and appropriate measures against loss degradation, unauthorized destruction, access, use , manipulation, linkage, modification, or communication

Answer 18

Principle of Security

Question 19

The subjects of electronic health records have the right to access those records and the right to correct them with respect to its accurateness, completeness and relevance.

Answer 19

Principle of Access

Question 20

The fundamental right of privacy and of control over the collection, storage, access, use, manipulation, linkage, communication and disposition of personal date is conditioned only by the legitimate, appropriate, and relevant data-needs of a free, responsible, and democratic society, and by the equal and competing rights of others

Answer 20

Principle of Legitimate Infringement

Question 21

Any infringement of the privacy rights of a person or a group persons, and of their right to control over data about them, may only occur in the least intrusive fashion and with a minimum inference with the rights of the affected parties.

Answer 21

Principle of the Least Intrusive Alternative

Question 22

Any infringement of the privacy rights of a person or group of persons, and of the right to control over date about them, must be justified to the latter in good time and in an appropriate fashion.

Answer 22

Principle of Accountability

Question 23

It is used interchangeably, but they are not synonymous.

Answer 23

Privacy and Confidentiality

Question 24

Generally applies to individuals and their aversion to eavesdropping

Answer 24

Privacy

Question 25

It is more closely related to unintented disclosure of information.

Answer 25

Confidentiality

Question 26

It is widely regarded as rights of all people which merit respect without need to be earned, argued, or defended

Answer 26

Privacy and Confidentiality

Question 27

What are the levels of security in the hospital information system?

Answer 27

Administrative safeguards (organizational safeguards)

Physical safeguards

Technical safeguards

Question 28

May be implemented by the management as organization-wide policies and procedures

Answer 28

Administrative safeguards

Question 29

Mechanisms to protect equipment, systems, and locations

Answer 29

Physical

Question 30

Automated processes to protect the software and database access and control

Answer 30

Technical

Question 31

It emphasizes that technological security tools are essential components of modern distributed health care information systems.

Answer 31

National Research Council (NCR)

Question 32

What serves as five key functions in NRC?

Answer 32

Availability
Accountability
Perimeter identification
Controlling access
Comprehensibility and control

Question 33

Ensuring that accurate and up to date information is available when needed at appropriate places.

Answer 33

Availability

Question 34

Ensure that gealthcare providers are responsible for their access to and use of information, based on a legitimate need and right to know

Answer 34

Accountability

Question 35

Knowing and controlling the boundaries of trusted access to the information system, both physically and logically.

Answer 35

Perimeter identification

Question 36

Access for health care providers only to information essential to the performance of their jobs and limiting the real or perceived temptation to access information beyond legitimate need.

Answer 36

Controlling access

Question 37

Ensuring the record owners, data stewards, and patients understand and have effective control over appropriate aspects of information privacy and access

Answer 37

Comprehensibility and control

Question 38

What are the key steps in the Laboratory Information for a hospital patient?

Answer 38

Register patient
Order tests
Collect sample
Receive sample
Run sample
Review results
Release results
Report results