Lesson 13 vocabulary (English - Mandarin) Flashcards
1
Q
grandmother (maternal)
A
婆婆
pó-po
2
Q
grandfather (maternal)
A
公公
gōng-gong
3
Q
grandmother (paternal)
A
奶奶 (informal), 祖母 (formal)
nǎi-nai, zǔ-mǔ
4
Q
grandfather (paternal)
A
爷爷 (informal), 祖父 (formal)
yé-ye, zǔ-fù
5
Q
mother
A
妈妈 (informal), 母亲 (formal)
mā-ma, mǔ-qīn
6
Q
father
A
爸爸 (informal), 父亲 (formal)
bà-ba, fù-qīn
7
Q
older sister
A
姐，姐姐
jiě, jiě-jie
8
Q
younger sister
A
妹，妹妹
mèi, mèi-mei
9
Q
older brother
A
哥，哥哥
gē, gē-ge
10
Q
younger brother
A
弟，弟弟
dì, dì-di
11
Q
older brother (1 Chinese character)
A
兄
xiōng
12
Q
daughter
A
女儿 (女孩, 女孩儿)
nǚ-ér (nǚhái, nǚhái ér)
13
Q
son
A
儿子 (男孩，男孩儿)
ér-zi (nán-hái, nán-hái ér)
14
Q
to guess
A
猜
cāi
15
Q
factory
A
工厂
gōng-chǎng
16
Q
- at the time
- as
- when
- to serve as
- in the presence of
- the very same
- to work as
- to be, to become
A
当
dāng
17
Q
postman
A
邮差
yóu-chāi
18
Q
doctor
A
医生
yī-shēng
19
Q
vegetables
A
菜
cài
20
Q
- how old
- years of age
- years old
A
几岁
jǐ suì
21
Q
- this way
2. in this manner
A
这样
zhè-yàng
22
Q
bigger than
A
比…大
bǐ… dà
23
Q
difference between
A
相差
xiāng-chà
24
Q
not a few
A
不少
bù shǎo
25
1. but
2. however
3. merely, just
*不过 (búguò) is the softest, most informal “but” in Chinese. Basically you want to use this when you aren’t sure or it’s not that strong of a conflict.
The use of 不过 (búguò) is somehow different from 但是 (dànshì) and 可是 (kěshì). Unlike the latter two, it’s not about emphasizing contrary, but rather adding extra remarks to the statement (e.g. a condition, correction, comment, etc)*
Example:
1. 他是美国人，不过会说中文 (Tā shì Měi-guó rén, bù-guò huì shuō zhōng-wén)。He’s American, but he can speak Chinese.
2. 我可以跟你走，不过不要告诉他(Wǒ kě-yǐ gēn nǐ zǒu, bù-guò bù-yào gào-sù tā)。I can go with you, but don't tell him.
3. 没关系！不过是个小问题 (Méi guān-xi! Bú-guò shì gè xiǎo wèn-tí!)！No worries! (It’s) just/merely a little problem!
不过
| bù-guò
26
better
比较好
| bǐ-jiào hǎo
27
friend
朋友
| péng-yǒu
28
before
以前
| yǐ-qián
29
after
以后
| yǐ-hòu
30
1. begin the lesson
| 2. attend class
上课
| shàng-kè
31
1. the lesson is over
2. end of class
3. get out of class
下课
| xià-kè
32
go to work
1. 上班
shàng-bān
2. 上工
shàng gōng
33
1. get off work
| 2. after office hours
下班
| xià-bān
34
go to school
上学
| shàng-xué
35
1. after school
| 2. classes are over
放学
| fàng-xué
36
1. stop work
| 2. get off work
放工
| fàng-gōng
37
go to...somewhere
上...(哪儿) 去
| shàng...(nǎ-r) qù
38
What time does class/lesson start?
几点上课？
| Jǐ diǎn shàng-kè?
39
What time does class/lesson end?
几点下课？
| Jǐ diǎn xià-kè?
40
What time do you go to work?
1. 几点上班？
Jǐ diǎn shàng-bān?
2. 几点上工？
Jǐ diǎn shàng gōng?
41
What time do you get off work?
1. 几点下班？
Jǐ diǎn xià-bān?
2. 几点放工？
Jǐ diǎn fàng-gōng?
42
What time do you go to school?
几点上学？
| Jǐ diǎn shàng-xué?
43
What time does school end?
几点放学？
| Jǐ diǎn fàng-xué?
44
What time are you going to...somewhere?
几点上...(哪儿)去？
| Jǐ diǎn shàng...(nǎ-r) qù?
45
What time do you come home?
几点回家？
| Jǐ diǎn huí jiā?
46
before class/lesson begins
上课以前
| shàng-kè yǐ-qián
47
before the class/lesson is over
下课以前
| xià-kè yǐ-qián
48
before going to work
1. 上班以前
shàng-bān yǐ-qián
2. 上工以前
shàng gōng yǐ-qián
49
before work ends
1. 下班以前
xià-bān yǐ-qián
2. 放工以前
fàng-gōng yǐ-qián
50
before going to school
上学以前
| shàng-xué yǐ-qián
51
before school is over
放学以前
| fàng-xué yǐ-qián
52
before going to...somewhere
上...(哪儿)去以前
| shàng...(nǎ-r) qù yǐqián
53
before coming home
回家以前
| huí jiā yǐ-qián
54
after the lesson/class begins
上课以后
| shàng-kè yǐ-hòu
55
after the lesson/class is over
下课以后
| xià-kè yǐ-hòu
56
after going to work
1. 上班以后
shàng-bān yǐ-hòu
2. 上工以后
shàng gōng yǐ-hòu
57
after work ends/after office hours
1. 下班以后
xià-bān yǐ-hòu
2. 放工以后
fàng-gōng yǐ-hòu
58
after school is over
放学以后
| fàng-xué yǐ-hòu
59
after going to...somewhere
上...(哪儿)去以后
| shàng...(nǎ-r) qù yǐ-hòu
60
after coming home
回家以后
| huí jiā yǐ-hòu
61
1. to make
2. to be
3. to become
4. to act as
5. to work as
做
| zuò
62
indicates doing a certain action first before doing something else
Example:
- 吃饭以前，我先洗手 (Chī-fàn yǐ-qián, wǒ xiān xǐ-shǒu)。
* Before eating, I must first wash my hands.*
"...以前...先...。"
| "... yǐ-qián...xiān...."
63
indicates that one thing is done immediately after another
Example:
- 我到新加坡以后，就学中文 (Wǒ dào Xīn-Jiā-Pō yǐ-hòu, jiù-xué zhōng-wén)。
* Right after I arrived at Singapore, I started to learn Chinese.*
"...以后...就..."
| "... yǐ-hòu... jiù..."
64
"isn't it that...?"
*use this to confirm a statement*
Example:
- 你不是会中文吗 (Nǐ bù-shì huì zhōng-wén ma)？
* You don't speak Chinese?*
"不是...吗？"
| bù-shì...ma?
65
set side by side, to compare
*used for comparison sentences*
比
| bǐ
66
indicates that A is (comparison/the difference) than B
Example:
1. 这本书比那本书容易 (Zhè běn shū bǐ nà běn shū róng-yì)。
* This book is easier than that*
2. 妈妈比爸爸小五岁 (Mā-mā bǐ bà-ba xiǎo wǔ suì)。
* Mum is 5 years younger than Dad
"A...比...B...(adjective/the difference)"
| "A...bǐ...B...(adjective/the difference)"
67
1. then
2. only
3. to go to
4. to go with
5. used when the speaker thinks that the number is enough, time is still early, or something is going to happen very soon.
就
| jiù
68
to like
喜欢
| xǐ-huān
69
population
人口
| rén-kǒu
70
take care of, look after, attend to
照顾
| zhào-gù
71
1. majority
2. plurality
3. most
多数
| duō-shù
72
extremely
太
| tài
73
be enough
够
| gòu
74
just, only
只
| zhǐ
75
to study
念
| niàn
76
text
课文
| kè-wén
77
1. first
2. to precede
3. late (deceased)
先
| xiān
78
1. word, term
2. statement
3. a "ci" (tz'u) poem
词
| cí
79
1. to recite
| 2. to study
读
| dú
80
to read, study
读书
| dú-shū
81
1. to touch
| 2. to run into
碰
| pèng
82
1. (after verbs) continues doing
| 2. (after imperative verbs) intensifies the command
着
| zhe
83
1. ran into
| 2. bumped into
碰着
| pèng-zhe
84
to walk
走
| zǒu
85
left, gone
走了
| zǒu-le
86
1. be troublesome
| 2. to pester
麻烦
| má-fan
