lesson 13 reproductive hormones puberty and menstrual cycle

Question 1

what is puberty

Answer 1

the period in which adolescents start to develop secondary sexual characteristics

Question 2

testosterone is produced in what

Answer 2

in testes

Question 3

testosterone does what

Answer 3

stimulates sperm production

Question 4

oestrogen is produced in what

Answer 4

the ovaries

Question 5

what is in the middle of the female reproductive system

Answer 5

uterus

Question 6

what is around the uterus

Answer 6

uterus lining

Question 7

at the sides of the female reproductive system what is there

Answer 7

ovaries

Question 8

the ovaries are connected to the uterus via what

Answer 8

fallopian tubes

Question 9

eggs are kept inside what

Answer 9

ovaries

Question 10

after ovulation where do the female eggs go from the ovaries

Answer 10

in the fallopian tubes to the uterus

Question 11

after ovulation as the eggs go to the uterus, if this egg was fertilised, what would occur

Answer 11

it would go to the uterus lining
(otherwise it would break down and pass out)

Question 12

what is the average length of the menstrual cycle

Answer 12

28 days
(varies a lot between different people)

Question 13

what does the y axis tell us in the menstrual cycle graph

Answer 13

the thickness of the uterus wall

Question 14

stage 1 of the menstrual cycle is known as what

Answer 14

menstruation

Question 15

menstruation is what

Answer 15

the period of bleeding

Question 16

how long does menstruation last

Answer 16

4 days

Question 17

menstruation is due to what

Answer 17

the breakdown of the uterus lining

Question 18

stage 2 is what in the menstrual cycle

Answer 18

when the lining start to build up again

Question 19

stage 2 is becomes what

Answer 19

a thick spongey layer, with lots of blood vessels surrounding it

Question 20

stage 2 of the menstrual cycle lasts how long

Answer 20

around 10 days
(up to day 14)

Question 21

what is the role of stage 2 in the menstrual cycle

Answer 21

to prepare the uterus lining for fertilised egg

Question 22

the fertilised egg implants where

Answer 22

into the uterus lining

Question 23

stage 3 of the menstrual cycle is what

Answer 23

ovulation

Question 24

how long does ovulation take place for

Answer 24

1 day

Question 25

ovulation (Stage 3) involves in what

Answer 25

one of the eggs being released from the ovaries

Question 26

stage 4 is for how long

Answer 26

14 days

(Stretches up till day 28)

Question 27

stage 4 involves what in the menstrual cycle

Answer 27

maintaining the lining of the uterus

Question 28

once we get to the end of the cycle and if no fertilised egg has made it to the uterus then what would occur

Answer 28

then the uterus fall would start to break down- going back to stage 1 meaning the whole cycle would repeat

Question 29

if there was a fertilised egg at the end of the cycle then what would occur

Answer 29

it would implant into the uterus lining and slowly develop into a fetus

Question 30

if at the end of a cycle and there is a fertilised egg, what happens to the cycle as a whole

Answer 30

it would stop, as the women is pregnant so there is no need for a cycle

Question 31

oestrogen does what in the menstrual cycle

Answer 31

it stimulates the uterus lining to grow

Question 32

oestrogen is produced where

Answer 32

in the ovaries

Question 32

progesterone is produced where

Answer 32

in the ovaries

Question 33

when does progesterone increase

Answer 33

in stage 4 and maintains the lining of the uterus

Question 34

if progesterone level drops what occurs

Answer 34

then the uterus lining breaks down

(this restarts the cycle)

Question 35

what are the other 2 hormones in the menstrual cycle

Answer 35

luteinising hormone (LH)
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 36

where is LH and FSH produced

Answer 36

in the pituitary gland

Question 37

what is the role of FSH

Answer 37

its to stimulate one of the eggs to mature in one of the ovaries

Question 38

LH does what

Answer 38

stimulates the release of the egg at day 14
(ovulation)

Question 39

FSH stimulates the ovaries to produces what

Answer 39

oestrogen

(reasoning to why we see higher levels of FSH before the oestrogen increases)

Question 40

as the oestrogen levels start to increase, they start to inhibit what

Answer 40

FSH

(negative feedback)

Question 41

when oestrogen levels get high, they do what

Answer 41

stimulate the release of LH, causes the LH spike and results in ovulation

Question 42

progesterone inhibits both what

Answer 42

LH and FSH