Lesson 11 Keywords

Question 1

William Ogburn’s term for human behavior lagging behind technological innovations

Answer 1

cultural lag

Question 2

the spread of an invention or discovery from one area to another; identified by Ogburn as a major process of social change

Answer 2

diffusion

Question 3

actions taken to sabotage the efforts of people thought to be legally harming the environment

Answer 3

ecosabotage

Question 4

the greater impact of pollution on the poor and racial minorities

Answer 4

environmental injustice

Question 5

a sub discipline of sociology that examines how human activities affect the physical environment and how the physical environment affects human activities

Answer 5

environmental sociology

Question 6

an increase in the earth’s temperature due to the greenhouse effect

Answer 6

global warming

Question 7

the buildup of carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere that allows light to enter but inhibits the release of heat; believed to cause global warming

Answer 7

greenhouse effect

Question 8

change to the social order itself; change to an entire civilization

Answer 8

metaformative social movement

Question 9

the transformation of traditional societies into industrial societies

Answer 9

modernization

Question 10

another term for postindustrial society; a chief characteristic is the use of tools that extend human abilities to gather and analyze information, communicate, and travel

Answer 10

postmodern society

Question 11

a social movement that promotes some social change

Answer 11

proactive social movement

Question 12

in its broad sense, the presentation of information in an attempt to influence people; in its narrow sense, one-sided information used to try to influence people

Answer 12

propaganda

Question 13

how people think about an issue

Answer 13

public opinion

Question 14

a social movement that reacts to and resists some social change

Answer 14

reactive social movement

Question 15

a social movement that seeks to change people totally

Answer 15

redemptive social movement

Question 16

a social movement that seeks to reform some specific aspect of society

Answer 16

reformative social movement

Question 17

the alteration of culture and societies over time

Answer 17

social change

Question 18

a group of people who are organized to promote or resist social change

Answer 18

social movement

Question 19

a world system that takes into account the limits of the environment, produces enough material goods for everyone’s needs, and leaves a heritage of a sound environment to the next generation

Answer 19

sustainable environment

Question 20

in its narrow sense, tools; in its broader sense, the skills or procedures necessary to make and use those tools

Answer 20

technology

Question 21

a social movement that seeks to change society totally

Answer 21

transformative social movement

Question 22

social movements with an emphasis on a global condition, instead of a condition on a specific country; also known as a new social movement

Answer 22

transnational social movement