LESSON 10, 11, 12: PHYLA PLATYHELMINTHES, NEMATODA, ANNELIDA Flashcards
(44 cards)
alternatively referred to as flatworms; soft-bodied invertebrates best distinguished by their flat bodies;
Phylum Platyhelminthes
an animal that does not possess a body cavity
acoelomate
both male and female organs are present in the same body
hermaphrodites
non-parasitic, an organism that is not dependent on other species for nutrition and survival
free-living
named for the turbulence that their beating cilia create in water; free-living bottom dwellers in freshwater and marine environments; crawl on sand, stones, or vegetation; the few terrestrial
turbellarians are known to reside in the humid tropics and subtropics; aquatic flatworms and planarian
Class Turbellaria
a kind of sensory cell located on their heads help them detect food from a considerable distance
chemoreceptors
the flatworms wrestle each other in a race to be the first to stab the other flatworm with
its penis; the flatworm who stabs the other first becomes the father, while the flatworm who bears
the wounds becomes the mother; fathers are rewarded with direct access to the eggs while the mother must bear deep wounds and loses any control over the sperms access to the eggs
Penis Fencing
named because they have only one generation in their life cycle; that is, one adult develops
from one egg; mostly ectoparasites of freshwater and marine fishes; attach to the gill filaments and feed on epithelial cells, mucus or blood
Class Monogenea
parasites that live on the external surface of hosts
ectoparasites
commonly known as the class of flukes; includes approximately 8,000 of parasitic flatworms; almost all adult flukes are parasites of vertebrates, whereas immature stages may be found in vertebrates or invertebrates, or encysted on plants
Class Trematoda
scientifically known as Fasciola hepatica; common in sheep-raising areas and uses sheep or
humans as definitive host; adults live in the bile duct of the liver, and eggs are passed via the common bile duct to the intestine, from which they are eliminated; humans become infected with this fluke by eating a
freshwater plant called watercress
Sheep Liver Fluke
scientifically known as Schistosoma; responsible for an infection in humans termed schistosomiasis; these adult dioecious flukes like in the human bloodstream; people are infected during routine agricultural, domestic, occupational, and recreational activities, which expose them to infested water
Schistosomes or Blood Fluke
scientifically known as Clonorchis sinensis; adult liver fluke lives in the bile ducts of liver, where it
feeds on the epithelial tissue and blood, and then releases egg into the common bile duct; can be acquired by eating raw or poorly cooked fish
Chinese Liver Fluke
also recognized as the class of tapeworms and acknowledged as the most highly specialized class of flatworms; tapeworms enter the body when an individual eats or drinks something that's infected with a worm or its eggs
Class Cestoidea
reside on the vertebrate digestive tract
endoparasites
also known as roundworms; multicellular and tubular worms with smooth, unsegmented body; are in the same phylogenetic grouping as the arthropods because of the presence of an external cuticle that
protects the animal and keeps it from drying out
Phylum Nematoda
the whole digestive tract from the mouth to the anus
alimentary canal
a small projection present on an organ of the body
papillae
olfactosensory organs in mouth
amphid
drugs that get rid of parasitic worms
anthelminthic
Ascariasis; infection of the small intestine
Giant Roundworm
Giant Roundworm
Ascaris lumbrecoides
Enterobiasis; infection of the colon and the rectum caused by pinworms
Pinworms
Pinworms
Enterobius vermicularis
