LESSON 1: WHAT IS MATTER Flashcards
any physical substance that POSSESSES MASS and OCCUPIES SPACE (volume), setting it apart from other fundamental concepts in science
matter
amount of matter in an object (heaviness or lightness)
mass
amount of the EARTH’S GRAVITATIONAL PULL on a certain object
weight
more massive objects - more gravitational pull - _______
heavier
amount of SPACE an object OCCUPIES (big or small)
volume
- all matter is made up of tiny particles
- al particles of one substance are the same
- different pure substances are made of different particles
- particles are always moving
- there are attractive forces between particles
Kinetic Theory of Matter (Particle Theory)
the _____ between particles also affects strength of the interactive forces that each one of them experience
distance
Kinetic Theory of Matter (Particle Theory)
- all matter is made up of tiny particles
- al particles of one substance are the same
- different pure substances are made of different particles
- particles are always moving
- there are attractive forces between particles
5 PHASES OF MATTER
solid
liquid
gas
plasma
bose-einstein condensate
DENSLEY PACKED particles of matter, attractive forces are VERY STRONG, particles are in a FIXED position
SOLID
distance between particles is VERY HIGH, have LESS attractive forces, have the HIGHEST FREEDOM to move
GAS
it is produced when matter is COOLED to EXTREMELY LOW TEMPERATURE, achieved by cooling an object close to absolute zero.
BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE
WILLIAM CROOKES, gas particles tend to look like GLOWING JELLY at high temperatures
PLASMA
particles that are NOT AS DENSLEY PACKED AS SOLIDS, still exert attractive forces, has ability to FLOW
LIQUID
sublimation
solid to gas
deposition
gas to solid
melting
solid to liquid
freezing
liquid to solid
evaporation
liquid to gas
condensation
gas to liquid
PHASE CHANGES OF MATTER
melting
freezing
sublimation
deposition
evaporation
condensation
can be measured WITHOUT HAVING TO CHANGE THE IDENTITY of the substance through chemical change (ex. volume, mass, density)
PHYSICAL PROPERTY
value DEPENDS on the amount of matter being measured
EXTENSIVE PHYSICAL PROPERTY
inherent in the substance itself regardless of its quantity
INTENSIVE PHYSICAL PROPERTY
properties that can only be determined by making a substance REACT with another, dependent on the chemical identity and composition of substance (ex. flammability)
CHEMICAL PROPERTY
transformation of matter from one state to another that only changes the form of that matter
PHYSICAL CHANGE
TRUE OR FALSE:
physical properties such as size, color, density, and mass became different in physical change
TRUE
TRUE OR FALSE:
physical properties such as size, color, density, and mass does not change in physical change
FALSE
examples of physical change
chopping of wood, cutting of paper
transformation of chemical identity of matter through chemical reactions
CHEMICAL CHANGE
transform the reactants to products
CHEMICAL CHANGE
examples of chemical change
burning, rotting, cooking
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?
milk turning sour
chemical
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?
meat being boiled in water
chemical
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?
ice melting into water
physical
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?
sugar caramelizing
chemical
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL?
cutting meat into cubes
physical
