Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dermatology > Lesson 1 notes > Flashcards

Lesson 1 notes Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
0
Q

What is the thickness of skin?

A

0.5 to 3 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is the surface area of skin?

A

3000 square inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many cells are contained in one square inch of skin?

A

3 million cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the functions of skin?

A 
Protect against infection, desiccation, harmful light rays
Maintain body temp
Receive stimuli from environment
Stores chemical compounds
Excretes waste products
Synthesizes vitamin D
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the thinner outer layer of the skin.

A

Epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many layers comprise the epidermis?

A

4 (palms of hands and feet have 5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which layers of the epidermis regenerate the cells of the epidermis?

A

Stratum Basale

Stratum spinosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the waterproofing protein that forms in cells as they move towards the surface of the epidermis?

A

Keratin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the outermost layer of the epidermis?

A

Stratum corneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How often is an epidermal cell shed and regenerated?

A

28-30 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many rows of cells are in the outermost layer of the epidermis?

A

25 to 30 rows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are epidermal cells called?

A

keratinocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What other cells are found in the epidermis and are protective?

A

melanocytes and langerhans cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What layer of skin is deep to the epidermis?

A

Dermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the dermis contain?

A

blood vessels, nerves, glands, hair follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the three appendages of the skin?

A

hair
glands
nails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the soft hair that covers the body?

A

Vellus

17
Q

What do appendages develop from?

A

Embryonic epidermis

18
Q

What is the coarse hair that develops at puberty?

A

terminal also includes hair on scalp and eyebrows

19
Q

What are the three parts of a hair?

A

shaft
root
follicle

20
Q

What layer of the skin creates a hair follicle?

A

The epidermis

21
Q

What structures are associated with hair follicles?

A

Sebaceous glands

arrector pili muscles

22
Q

What glands are associated with the skin?

A

Sebaceous glands

Sweat glands

23
Q

What are the two types of sweat glands?

A

apocrine - develop at puberty, located in the axilla, pubic region, and breast areolae.
eccrine - distributed throughout the skin

24
Q

What is the function of a sebaceous gland?

A

secrete sebum (oil) which protects the hair and skin from becoming too dry

25
Q

What are the parts of the nail?

A 
free edge
nail body
nail root
lunula (white area at proximal end)
cuticle (epidermis around the nail)
nail bed (epidermis under the nail)
26
Q

What three things determine skin color?

A

Melanin
Carotene
Blood in the Capillaries

27
Q

What is a freckle?

A

Melanin that forms in patches

28
Q

How does UV radiation affect melanocytes?

A

It increases enzymatic activity which produces more melanin. Eventually, epidermal cells take up the melanin by phagocytosis and tanning has occurred.

29
Q

What pigment is found in people of Asian decent?

A

Carotene

30
Q

What is an example of an epidermal ridge?

A

fingerprints

31
Q

What is a line of cleavage?

A

predominant direction in which collagenous fibers run.

surgeons attempt to follow these lines to reduce scarring.

32
Q

At what time do you do a dermatological exam?

A

The same time you do the history.

33
Q

Gram Stain

A

performed on lesions suspected of bacterial infection.

Guides antibiotic selection

34
Q

Tzanck smear

A

Performed on lesions suspected of viral infection.

Positive result when giant, multinucleated cells are identified

35
Q

KOH prep

A

Performed on lesions suspected of fungal infection.
Septated - tube-like structures - dermatophyte infection (tinea)
Budding - sausage-like structures - candidal infection

36
Q

Direct examination of pathogen

A

Done in the case of scabies.

Mites, eggs, and feces can all be seen

37
Q

Cultures

A

Done to identify all types of pathogens.

Generally include a sensitivity, to show which antibiotic will be effective.

38
Q

Punch Biopsy

A

Cut through epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissues.

Often utilized if the entire lesion cannot be easily removed, and suspected to be inflammatory.

39
Q

Wedge (excisional) Biopsy

A

Cut through the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissues.

Method of choice for most neoplastic processes.

40
Q

Shave Biopsy

A

Cut through the epidermis and dermis only.

Useful for lesions that are limited to the epidermis.

41
Q

Tests for allergic sensitization identification:

A

Patch testing
Photopatch testing
Prick testing
RAST (radioallergosorbent test)

Dermatology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions