Benign and Malignant Neoplasms Flashcards
1
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Ulcerated
1
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Mycosis Fungoides
- Tumors
2
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Spontaneous Keloids
2
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Actinic Keratoses
- Pre cancerous skin lesion to squamous cell carcinoma
- Dry, hard, rough scaly papules in sun-exposed areas of skin
- Scraping will not cause bleeding
- Cryotherapy is treatment of choice
3
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Classic Kaposi Sarcoma
- Diagnose through biopsy
- Treated with radiation and chemotherapy
4
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Blue Nevus
- Papule or nodule, firm, dark-blue to gray-black. Usually very small.
- Appear in children and young adults.
- Asymptomatic
4
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Metastatic Melanoma
5
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma- Highly differentiated
6
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Spreading pigmented Actinic Keratosis (SPAK)
6
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HIV/AIDS Associated Kaposi Sarcoma
6
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HIV/ADIS Associated Kaposi Sarcoma
6
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Dermal Melanocytic Nevomalanocytic Nevi
7
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Adult T-Cell leukemia/Lymphoma
7
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Mycosis Fungoides
- Leonine Facies
8
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Mycosis Fungoides
- Poikilodermatous lesions
9
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Amelanotic Melanoma
10
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Well differentiated
10
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Nodular Type
- Malignant epithelial tumor that does NOT metastisize
- MOST COMMON cancer in humans
- Caused by UVR, some pts. with multiple lesions have inherited mutation
- Locally invasive
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Ulcerated
12
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Nevus Spilus
12
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Nodular Type
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Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Sclerosing, nodular, and ulcerating
12
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Superficial Spreading Melanoma
14
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Mongolian Spot
15
Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Pigmented
- Similar to nodular form, but with pigmentation
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Cellular Blue Nevus
- Bluish-black nodules
16
Mycosis Fungoides
- Lymphadenopathy and abnormal lymphs in blood correlate with internal organ involvement
- Treatment determined by stage
- May include PUVA, interferon, electron beam therapy and others
- REFER
18
Pyogenic Granuloma
- Typical colar of thickened stratum corneum at base on palms and soles
19
Hypertrophic Scar
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Nodular Melanoma
21
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
22
Seborrheic Keratosis (solitary)
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma
22
Metastatic Melanoma
23
Multiple Hypertrophic Scars
24
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Ulcerated
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Superficial Spreading Melanoma
25
Superficial Spreading Melanoma
26
Dermatofibroma
- Dimple sign: Dimpling of the lesion seen when pinched between two fingers
27
Mycosis Fungoides
- Patches/plaques stage
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Pigmented Spitz Nevus
29
Pyogenic Granuloma
- Benign vascular lesion that evolves quickly over a period of weeks
- Red papule or nodule that is prone to ulceration and bleeding
- Treatment is excision with electrodessication
29
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- In pt. with peripheral neuropathy due to leprosy
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Nodular Melanoma
31
Actinic Keratoses
32
Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma, Invasive
33
Keratoacanthoma
34
Blue Nevus
34
Solitary Lipoma
- Lower arm
35
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Ulcerated
37
Actinic Keratosis
39
Nevus of Ota
- Macule
- Distirbuted around the trigeminal nerve, including mucous memb and sclera
- Not hereditary, but most common in Asians.
- Will not fade or disappear
39
Sebaceous Cyst (Epidermoid Cyst)
- Forms in dermis and is lined with epithelial cells that produce keratin, filling cyst with thick, yellow-white material
- Most commonly on face and back
- Treatment is excision
39
Keloid
- Arose following a burn
39
Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
40
Multiple Nevomelanocytic Nevi
-Shoulder
42
Halo Nevomelanocytic Nevi
44
Spitz Nevus
- Pink, dome-shaped nodule, dome shaped, hairless
- Appear in children and adults under 40.
- Develop abruptly, get biopsy to confirm benign
45
Halo Nevomelanocytic Nevi
47
Seborrheic Keratosis
49
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
50
Superficial Spreading Melanoma
52
Junctional Nevomelanocytic Nevi
- Macule, tan to black, round with smooth borders, always \< 1cm
- Usually appear in childhood
- Often progress to compound, then to dermal
53
Seborrheic Keratoses (multiple)
53
Mycosis Fungoides
- MOST COMMON cutaneous lymphoma
- Involves T cells and occurs in older adults
- Classified as patch, plaque or tumor stage
- Scaly and erythematous
- Multiple biopsies often necessary
54
Superficial Spreading Melanoma
- Treatment: REFER!
- Excision with wide margins
- TNM staging of cancer
56
Junctional Nevomelanocytic Nevi
57
Melanoma
57
Metastatic Melanoma
59
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
60
Nodular Melanoma
62
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Nodular Type
64
Actinic Keratoses
- Prevention through the use of hats an sunscreens
65
Nevus of Ota
65
Melanoma
- Malignancy of melanocytes that occurs in the skin, eyes, ears, and GI tract, oral, and genital mucosa
- One of the most dangerous tumors - has ability to metastisize to any organ
- LEADING CAUSE of death due to skin disease
66
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
67
Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Situ (SCCIS)
68
Mycosis Fungoides
- Tumor Stage
69
Dermal Melanocytic Nevomalanocytic Nevi
70
Melanoma
- Risk Factors:
- Dysplastic nevus
- Congenital nevus
- Large # of benign moles
- Family Hx
- Red hair and freckling, and white race
- Inability to tan
- Chronic tanning (\>10 times annually)
71
Keratoacanthoma
- Associated with squamous cell carcinoma
- Thin scale with an erythematous nodule as the base
- There are several stages of this
73
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Nodular Type
74
Classic Kaposi Sarcoma
76
Nevus Spilus
- Dark brown pigmented macule
- Size of area varies, but can be large
- Junctional and compund nevi scattered in defined area of increased melanocytes
77
Syringomas
- Benign tumors of the eccrine glands most commonly located around the eyes
- Small, flesh to light colored papules, usually mutliple and near both eyes.
- No treatment necessary, but may be removed for cosmetic purposes
78
Classic Kaposi Sarcoma
- HHV Type 8
- Can be localized or generalized, and occur in tages of patches, plaques, and nodules
- Can evolve into nodules or tumors - If systemic involvement occurs, it is mainly in GI tract
- Most common in HIV infected males
79
Amelanotic Melanoma
81
Cutaneous Horn: Hypertrophic Actinic Keratosis
83
Dermatofibroma
84
Seborrheic Keratosis
- MOST COMMON benign cutaneous neoplasm
- Absolutely no malignant potential
- Begin to appear during middle age, then grow and increase with age
- No treatment required
85
Metastatic Melanoma
85
Mycosis Fungoides
- Poikilodermatous lesions
86
Compound Nevomalanocytic Nevi
88
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Sclerosing Type
90
Mongolian Spot
- Macule, gray-blue, usually in lumbrosacral area
- Congenital, seen in Asians and Native Americans.
- May fade or disappear
- Refer for cosmetic laser surgery
92
Seborrheic Keratosis
93
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Ulcerated
- Pearly, firm, bumpy border, but with ulcer in middle
94
Metastatic Melanoma
95
Dermatofibroma
- Button-like dermal nodule
- Usually solitary lesion on lower legs
- May develop in response to trauma
- Usually will have dimple sign
- No treatment required
96
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Sclerosing Type
- Has waxy, firm, flat to slightly raised lesion that appears "scar-like"
97
Nodular Melanoma
98
Dermal Melanocytic Nevomalanocytic Nevi
99
Halo Nevomelanocytic Nevi
- Halo of depigmented skin around a junctional or compound nevus
- Will regress leaving white spot, which will slowly repigment.
- May also occur around melanoma so presence does not insure that nevus is benign
101
Keloids
- Abnormally large scar that extends beyond margins of injury.
- Firm, tuberous papule or nodule that often continues to grow slowly
- Treatment difficult as it is not highly effective.
102
Squamous Cell Carcinoma - Undiferentiated
103
Compound Nevomalanocytic Nevi
- Papule or nodule, light to black but usually dark brown
- Smooth or cobblestone, defined borders, always \< 1 cm.
- Either firm or soft
- Appear in childhood
- If excised, pathology should always be obtained
105
Keratoacanthoma
106
Amelanotic Melanoma
108
Superficial Spreading Melanoma
109
Junctional Nevomelanocytic Nevi
110
Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Pigmented
111
Junctional Nevomelanocytic Nevi
112
Lipoma
- Common benign faty tumors
- Freely mobile, soft mass under the skin
- No treatment typically necessary
114
Amelanotic Melanoma
115
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Slow-growing malignant tumor of squamous epithelium that can metastisize to other areas
- Caused by UVR or by HPV infection
- Small lesions treated with cryosurgery
- Large lesions excised
116
Adult T-Cell leukemia/Lymphoma
- Many types
- Extranodal proliferations of T or B cells, but eventually lymph nodes and internal organs can become involved
-
117
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
118
Melanoma - In Situ
119
Superficial Spreading Melanoma
120
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Advanced, well differentiated
121
Basal Cell Carcinoma
- Nodular Type
122
Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
