Lesson 1: Introduction to Safety Sanitation & Hygiene Flashcards
Microbes that cause disease
pathogens
What percentage of microorganisms are capable of causing disease?
3%
microbes that do not cause disease
nonpathogens
microorganisms that can be found everywhere are called?
ubiquitous
what is microbiology?
the study of microbes
microorganisms that normally live in and on our bodies?
indigenous microflora
indigenous microflora
are mostly beneficial to us, protect our bodies from invading pathogens, provide a healthy balance for our bodies
saprophytes
decomposers. microbes that eat off of and live on dead or decaying organic matter. they break down substances into simpler forms of matter.
infectious disease
a disease caused by a pathogen that invades body tissues
opportunistic pathogens
microbes that live in or on our bodies and wait for the right opportunity to cause disease. can cause infection if they gain access to areas they don’t belong. they wait until a person is run down or debilitated by a condition or disease.
Acellular infectious agents
viruses & prions
cellular microorganisms
Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
3 types of eukaryotes
Algae, Fungi, and Protozoa
3 types of prokaryotes
Archaea, Bacteria, Cyanobacteria
microbial intoxication
a disease caused by ingesting a toxin/poison produced by a microbe
Anton van Leeuwenhoak
Father of microbiology, first person to see live bacteria and protozoa, created single lens microscope
Louis Pasteur
studied fermentation, developed pasteurization process, disproved spontaneous generation theory, contributed to germ theory of disease, developed vaccines for rabies, cholera, and anthrax
Robert Koch
contributed to germ theory of disease, discovered anthrax spores, discovered bacteria that cause tuberculosis and cholera, developed Koch’s postulates, developed methods of fixing, staining, and photographing bacteria
Koch’s Postulates
experimental procedures used to prove that specific microorganisms cause specific infectious diseases
Germ Theory of Disease
States that specific microorganisms cause specific infectious diseases
Theory of Spontaneous Generation (Abiogenesis)
States that life can arise spontaneously from non-living material
Theory of Biogenesis
States that life can only arise through preexisting life
Bacteriology/Bacteriologist
The study of bacteria/person who studies bacteria
Phycology/Phycologist
The study of algae/person who studies algae
Protozoology/Protozoologist
The study of protozoa/person who studies protozoa
Virology/Virologist
The study of viruses/person who studies viruses, may also study prions
Why are microbiology, sanitation and hygiene important to embalmers?
microbiology helps us to understand different microbes and how to properly inhibit and destroy their growth. understanding microbial structures and diseases so we know the best procedures to destroy them. knowledge to keep prep room sanitary, protect public health through reducing disease transmission
5 different categories of microbes
bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, viruses
which disease has been around the longest?
Syphillis
What microbe causes tuberculosis?
bacteria
what microbe causes anthrax?
bacteria
What microbe causes CJD?
prions
What microbe causes malaria?
protozoa
what microbe causes smallpox?
virus
Spore forming bacteria
have the ability to survive extreme conditions and are difficult to destroy
What process destroys the pathogens in milk?
pasteurization
condition that occurs when a person ingests a toxin produced by a microbe
microbial intoxication
Microbes that do not cause disease and are either beneficial to us or have no effect on us
nonpathogenic
diseases caused by microbes
pathogens
microbe that normally causes no harm but may cause disease or illness if conditions are right
opportunistic
microbes that normally live in and on our bodies
indigenous microbiota
a microbe that causes disease
pathogen
